Cardiology Fisdap Exam for EMT Questions With Correct Answers

A 44-year-old man reports dizziness and lightheadness. His BP is 88/26 mm Hg, his heart rate is 190 beats per minute and weak. His skin is cool clammy and pale. Why is his BP low? - Answer decreased ventricular timing Switching compressors during two-rescuer CPR: - Answer should occur every two minutes throughout the arrest Stable angina - Answer chest pain that occurs when a person is active or under severe stress Unstable angina - Answer chest pain that occurs while a person is at rest and not exerting himself What occurs during recoil of the chest inbetween compressions - Answer a vacuum is created and blood returns to the heart A group of symptoms caused by myocardial ischemia; includes angina and myocardial infarction - Answer acute coronary syndrome A heart attack; death of the heart muscle following obstruction of blood flow to it; in this context the attack is "new" or "happening right now" - Answer acute myocardial infarction (AMI) Transient (short-lived) chest discomfort caused by partial or temporary blockage of blood flow to the heart muscle; also called angina - Answer angina pectoris a weakness in the wall of the aorta that makes it susceptible to rupture - Answer aortic aneurism the one way valve that lies between the left ventricle and the aorta keeps blood from flowing back into the left ventricle after the left ventricle ejects its blood into the aorta; one of the four heart valves - Answer aortic valve a tracing on an ECG that is the result of interference, such as patient movement, rather than the heart's electrical activity - Answer artifact the complete absence of all heart electrical activity - Answer asystole the ability of cardiac muscle cells to contract without stimulation from the nervous system - Answer automatically when the heart fails to generate effective and detectable blood flow; pulses are not palpable, even if muscular and electrical activity continues in the heart - Answer cardiac arrest a disorder in which the hear loses part of its ability to effectively pump blood, usually as a result of damage to the heart muscle and usually resulting in a backup of fluid into the lungs - Answer congestive heart failure the blood vessels that carry blood and nutrients to the heart muscle - Answer coronary arteries to shock the fibrillating (chaotically beating) heart with specialized electric current in an attempt to restore a normal, rhythmic beat - Answer defibrillate swelling in the part of the body closest to the ground, caused by the collection of fluid in the tissues; a possible sign of congestive heart failure - Answer dependent edema Widening of a tubular structure such as a coronary artery. - Answer dilation a condition in which the inner layers of an artery, such as the aorta, become seperatated, allowing blood (at high pressures) to flow between the layers - Answer dissecting aneurysm An irregular or abnormal rhythm of the heart - Answer dysrhythmia an emergency situation created by excessively high blood pressure, which can lead to serious complications such as a stroke or aneurysm - Answer hypertensive emergency death of body tissues, usually caused by interruption of its blood supply - Answer infarction the inside diameter of an artery or other hollow structure - Answer lumen the heart muscle - Answer myocardium