PN HESI Review Questions Med Surge (2023/2024) Rated A+

PN HESI Review Questions Med Surge (2023/2024) Rated A+ Three days after surgery, a male client suddenly grabs his right chest and becomes short of breath, pale, and diaphoretic. The practical nurse (PN) immediately assesses his vital signs and obtains 100/80 mm Hg blood pressure, 110 beats/min heart rate, and 36 breaths/min respiratory rate. What action is most important for the PN to take next? Apply oxygen at 2 liters per nasal cannula. An elderly female client with dementia is transferred from a long-term care unit to an acute care unit. The client's children express concern that their mother's confusion is worsening. How should the practical nurse (PN) respond? Confusion in an older person often follows relocation to new surroundings." A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease complains of extreme fatigue after coughing. Which self-care measures should the practical nurse (PN) suggest to minimize dyspnea? (Select all that apply.) 1.Assume a sitting position with shoulders relaxed and knees flexed. 2.Support forearms with a pillow and place both feet flat on the floor. 3.Slightly drop the head, bend forward, and slowly exhale with pursed lips. 4.Resume sitting up straight, using diaphragmatic breathing to inhale slowly and deeply A practical nurse (PN) is monitoring a client with diabetes. The nurse recognizes which of the following symptoms as possible signs of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)? (Select all that apply.) Fruity breath odor Rapid, weak pulse Extreme thirst Urinary frequency The practical nurse (PN) recognizes which of the following characteristics considered high-risk factors for developing type 2 diabetes? (Select all that apply.) Age 40 years or older African American Obesity Hispanic The women's health nurse practitioner and the clinic practical nurse (PN) are developing a plan of care for a 56-year-old female client who has been diagnosed with osteopenia. The plan is focused on preventing further bone resorption and increasing bone mass. Which outcome statement should be included in the plan of care? The client will decrease the number of cigarettes smoked by 50% within 2 weeks. A practical nurse (PN) has reinforced teaching a client with asthma to use a metered-dose inhaler (MDI). Which of the following actions determines that the client understands the correct procedure? (Select all that apply.) Sit or stand. Shake the inhaler. Attach the canister of medication to the mouthpiece. Use a spacer attachment and place the mouthpiece in the mouth. Close the lips around the mouthpiece. After inhaling the medication, hold the breath 10 seconds. Three days following surgery, a male client observes his colostomy for the first time. He becomes quite upset and tells the practical nurse (PN) that it is much bigger than he expected. What is the best response by the PN? Inform the client that the stoma will become smaller when the initial swelling diminishes. A client has a seizure disorder that has been managed with phenobarbital (Luminal Nembutal) for several years. Lately, the client has become more difficult to arouse and frequently wants to take a nap. What intervention should the nurse implement? Hold the medication and notify the health care provider