Portage Patho – Final Test Questions with Complete Solutions

True/False: Metaplastic cells are not better prepared to survive under stressful circumstances. - false True/False: Hypertrophy can occur under normal and pathological conditions. - true Which are true of the mitochondria? Select all that apply. - It is involved in cellular respiration. They play a role in apoptosis. Which are true of the cell membrane? Select all that apply. - Controls the transport of materials from the outside fluids to within. Helps with the conduction of electrical currents in nerve and muscle cells. Aids in the regulation of cell growth and proliferation. Compare and contrast the two types of gangrenous necrosis. - Dry - tissue is dry and shrinks, skin turns black, spreads slow Wet - skin is cold/swollen with no pulse, skin is moist and black, foul oder, rapid spread True/False: Cell proliferation is the process in which proliferating cells become more specialized cell types. - false (it's cell DIFFERENTIATION) True/False: Cell differentiation is the process of increasing cell numbers by mitotic cell division. - false (it's cell PROLIFERATION) What are two important properties that stem cells possess? - Potency & self-renewal These are cells of the same lineage that have not yet differentiated to the extent that they have lost their ability to divide. - Parent cells 1. ______ is a systemic treatment that enables drugs to reach the site of the tumor as well as other distant sites. 2. The profound weight loss and wasting of fat and tissue that accompany cancer is known as _______. - 1. chemotherapy 2. cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome Explain the challenges of diagnosing autoimmune disorders. - There are a ton of different ones and they all present with similar symptoms. Blood testing isn't perfect. True/False: The T cells that display the host's MHC antigens and T-cell receptors for a nonself-antigen are allowed to mature, a process termed negative selection. - false Which lab value will typically be increased in a viral infection? - Lymphocytes A 9-year-old boy with a peanut allergy was exposed to peanuts. He presents to the emergency room with an anaphylactic reaction. (1) What symptoms might he present with? (2) Does the quantity of exposure mean he will have a more severe reaction? (3) What is the initial immediate treatment? (4) What are 2 things people with anaphylaxis should always carry? - 1. shortness of breath, hives, cramping/nausea 2. does not play a role 3. epinephrine 4. allergy ID and EpiPen A 23-year-old African-American man with a history of severe lifelong anemia requiring many transfusions has nonhealing leg ulcers and recurrent periods of abdominal and chest pain. These signs and symptoms are most likely to be associated with which one of the following laboratory abnormalities? - Sickle cells on peripheral blood smear What is true of vitamin B12 deficiency anemia? - Dietary deficiencies aren't common, peripheral neuropathy can be a result of it, B12 is bound to intrinsic factor