AMSCO AP Psychology - Unit 1 question n answers graded A+

AMSCO AP Psychology - Unit 1Behaviorism - correct answers A theoretical orientation based on the premise that scientific psychology should study only observable behavior Classical conditioning - correct answers a type of learning in which one learns to link two or more stimuli and anticipate events ego - correct answers allows people to get what they want and desire within the confines set by society empiricism - correct answers the view that knowledge originates in experience and that science should, therefore, rely on observation and experimentation functionalism - correct answers early school of thought promoted by James and influenced by Darwin; explored how mental and behavioral processes function- how they enable the organism to adapt, survive, and flourish hierachy of needs - correct answers Maslow's pyramid of human needs, beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active id - correct answers holds our wants and desires and is primarily motivted by sex and aggression introspection - correct answers A method of self-observation in which participants report their thoughts and feelings latent - correct answers hidden, present but not realized natural selection - correct answers A process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits. nature vs nurture - correct answers name for a controversy in which it is debated whether genetics or environment is responsible for driving behavior operant conditioning - correct answers a type of learning in which behavior is strengthened if followed by a reinforcer or diminished if followed by a punisher operant conditioning chamber - correct answers Skinner box; allows a researcher to study the behavior of small organisms in a controlled environment psychology - correct answers the scientific study of behavior and mental processes puzzle box - correct answers A small cage with a lever that can be pressed to release a latch and free the animal. Edward Thorndike used these to study instrumental learning and the law of effect with cats. radical behaviorism - correct answers The idea that behavior should be studied objectively using the scientifici method stimulus/response - correct answers a specific behavior is elicited by a specific stimulus stream of consciousness - correct answers rather than seeing consciousness as strcutures, it is seen as a continuous flow. structuralism - correct answers an early school of psychology that used introspection to explore the elemental structure of the human mind superego - correct answers the part of personality that, according to Freud, represents internalized ideals and provides standards for judgment (the conscience) and for future aspirations survival of the fittest - correct answers Process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully; also called natural selection