Med Surg Exam II Fluid and Electrolytes questions with correct answers

What causes fluid and electrolyte imbalance? CORRECT ANSWER-Direct incidences i.e. illness or injury (burns, heart disease) Attempts to medicate such as IV administration and certain meds like diuretics What is a deficit? What is an excess? CORRECT ANSWER-Lack of; too much Why do fluid and electrolyte imbalance effect most patients that have an illness? CORRECT ANSWER-Because the illness disrupts the normal homeostasis mechanism Explain how fluid volume deficit and dehydration are different CORRECT ANSWER-Because dehydration refers to loss of pure water alone without incorporating hydration; fluid volume deficit includes all lost normal fluids including these elements Can low fluid volume lead to shock and even death? CORRECT ANSWER-Yes Describe ways in which a fluid volume deficit can occur in a patient CORRECT ANSWER-diarrhea, vomiting, fistula drainage, hemorrhage, diuresis; also occurs secondary to a disease like diabetes insipidus, hemorrhage, intestinal obstruction S/S of a fluid volume deficit CORRECT ANSWER-Clinical manifestations include restlessness, drowsiness, lethargy, confusion, postural hypotension, tachycardia, tachypnea, weakness, dizziness, weight loss, seizures, and coma. Skin turgor, capillary refill, and urine output are all d