CCRN- Renal Concepts (Barron's) questions with correct answers

nephron *each kidney has approximately 1 million nephrons, and each nephron has a vascular system and a tubular system CORRECT ANSWER-the functional unit of the kidneys, whose structure is complex 1) artery 2) afferent arteriole 3) capillary (glomerulus) 4) efferent arteriole 5) vein CORRECT ANSWER-what are 5 parts that make up the vascular system of a nephron? 1) Bowman's capsule 2) proximal tubule 3) loop of Henle 4) Distal tubule 5) collecting duct CORRECT ANSWER-what are the 5 parts that make up the tubular system of a nephron? 1) afferent arteriole DILATES, increasing flow to the glomerular capillaries AND efferent arteriole CONSTRICTS, decreasing flow from the glomerular capillaries 2) these two mechanisms above result in an increased pressure gradient within the capillary bed *any condition that prevents afferent arteriolar dilation or efferent arteriolar constriction interferes with this compensatory mechanism CORRECT ANSWER-If the BP falls and renal perfusion is decrease