ATL EXAM 1 2023/2024

ATL EXAM 1 2023/2024 Stroke Volume - CORRECT ANSWER-the volume of blood ejected during systole Heart Rate - CORRECT ANSWER-A measure of cardiac activity usually expressed as the number of beats per minute Cardiac Output - CORRECT ANSWER-amount of blood ejected by the heart in 1 minute and is measured in liters Heart rate and stroke volume determine - CORRECT ANSWER-cardiac output Both HR and SV do what during pregnancy - CORRECT ANSWER-increase SV increases due to - CORRECT ANSWER-increase in size of heart HR increases due to - CORRECT ANSWER-hormonal and nervous system changes Cardiac Output in Pregnancy - CORRECT ANSWER-increases 30-50% during pregnancy Steps in Biofeedback therapy - CORRECT ANSWER-Blood pressure and heart rate Changes in Body Position - CORRECT ANSWER--Uterus pressure in supine position -Compression of inferior vena cava & abdominal aorta -Drop in CO Basal Oxygen Consumption (VO2) - CORRECT ANSWER-Increases during pregnancy Increase in lung tidal volume Breath deeper and faster Due to hormone changes Balance and Flexibility - CORRECT ANSWER--Weight of fetus - lumbar lordosis & changes in center of gravity -Increased risk of falls -Connective tissue changes -Increased risk of sport injury Based on 5 food groups - CORRECT ANSWER-grains fruits veggies protein foods dairy Oils and Fats - CORRECT ANSWER-Most should come from plant sources Limit solid fats - animal sources and tropical oils Vitamins and Minerals - CORRECT ANSWER-Increased need for folic acid and iron Prenatal vitamins help ensure needs are met Balanced diet helps supply everything else 1st Trimester nutrient needs - CORRECT ANSWER-Folate (folic acid) Iodine 2nd Trimester - CORRECT ANSWER-Iron 3rd Trimester - CORRECT ANSWER-Choline Vitamin D Calcium & Magnesium Folic Acid - CORRECT ANSWER-B - vitamin aka folate Important for neural tube formation in fetus Supplement 400 mcg 1 month before pregnancy Increase to 600 mcg during pregnancy Sources: fresh, raw F & V's, leafy greens, fortified juices and cereals Importance of Iodine - CORRECT ANSWER-Helps with thyroid function Need about 220 micrograms / day Low iodine levels can lead to developmental delays Sources: iodized salt, shellfish, seaweed Importance of iron - CORRECT ANSWER-Important for hemoglobin function Need twice as much to help make more blood Recommended dose: 27 mgs Vit C improves absorption Sources: lean meats, fish, dried beans, fortified foods Calcium, Magnesium and Vit D - CORRECT ANSWER-Ca & Mg used to build baby teeth and bones Dairy best source for calcium Beans best source for magnesium Requirements for magnesium: - CORRECT ANSWER-350-400 mg/day Requirements for calcium: - CORRECT ANSWER--- 19 y/o - 1,000 mgs/day --14 - 18 y/o - 1,300 mgs/day Vitamin D - CORRECT ANSWER-Works with Ca and helps with skin and eye sight Need 600 IU's per day Sources: fortified milk, fatty fresh like salmon, sunlight exposure, supplement Choline - CORRECT ANSWER-Important in the formation of neurotransmitters Directly related to fetus brain development 450 mgs/day Sources: shrimp, eggs yolks, fish, turkey Weight gain during pregnancy - CORRECT ANSWER-25-35 pounds Twin pregnancy weight gain - CORRECT ANSWER-37-54 lbs 1st Trimester energy requirements - CORRECT ANSWER-85 extra calories 2nd Trimester energy requirements - CORRECT ANSWER-285 extra calories 3rd Trimester energy requirements - CORRECT ANSWER-475 extra calories Listeriosis - CORRECT ANSWER-a foodborne bacterial infection that can cause miscarriages, stillbirths, and preterm delivery when pregnant women contract it FITT - CORRECT ANSWER-Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type HIIT - CORRECT ANSWER-High Intensity Interval Training Hyperthermia - CORRECT ANSWER-Potential teratogenic effect Studies show less increase in body temp in pregnant women Hydration - CORRECT ANSWER-Need adequate fluid intake 1 pint of liquid before exercise 1 cup / 20 min of exercise 1-2 liters after exercise Water Retention - CORRECT ANSWER-Happens in 3rd Trimester Ankle and wrist swelling Increase risk of injury AVO2 difference - CORRECT ANSWER-The difference between the oxygen concentration in the blood in the arteries and veins. HLa - CORRECT ANSWER-Human Leukocyte Antigen. Same as MHC. ATP - CORRECT ANSWER-(adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for most of their work CV dysfunction - CORRECT ANSWER