QMA Study Guide Complete Solution

QMA Study Guide Complete Solution 6 rights of medication administration - ANS-Right patient Right medication Right dose Right time Right route Right documentation Nosocomial infection - ANS-Infection that is acquired while in a facility (hospital, ECF, etc.) Standard precautions - ANS-(Gloves, gowns, masks, or eyewear in splash stations) are used with all residents whenever coming in contact with body substances RACE - ANS-Rescue Alarm Confine Extinguish PASS - ANS-Pull pin Aim at base Squeeze handle Sweep side to side Local effect - ANS-Limited to the area of the body where medication is applied Systemic effect - ANS-Affects the entire body Chemical name - ANS-Ingredients of medication Trade name - ANS-AKA brand name, uppercase (Ex: Lasix) Generic name - ANS-Official name, lower case (Ex: furosemide) Fastest route of medication administration - ANS-Inhaled Slowest route of medication administration - ANS-Orally Pharmacology - ANS-Study of medications and their effects on the body Half-life - ANS-Time it takes 1/2 of medication to leave the bloodstream (Ex: if half-life is 2 hrs, then 50% of the medication will be gone from the bloodstream in 2 hrs) Anti-Convulsants - ANS-Action: depress abnorm neuronal discharges in CNS Use: *to stop/prevent convulsions/seizures* Adverse effects: swelling/redness of gums, drowsiness, dizziness, dbl vision, tremors, confusion *Tx: phenytoin sodium (Dilantin), carbamazepine (Tegretol), valporic acid (Depakene), divalproex sodium (Depakote), phenobarbital (Luminal), primidone (Mysoline), gabapentin (Neurontin)* Nursing: observe pt mouth for red/swollen/bleeding gums, encourage good oral care Hypokalemia - ANS-Cause: frequently a SE of diuretics; K+ is not abosrbed by the body s/s: heart irreg, flu-like sympt, leg cramps Tx: diet (bananas/milk/cereals/meat), or c K+ replacement meds Pernicious anemia - ANS-Cause: low iron level in the blood due to inability of stomach lining to absorb vitamin B (which is required for the formation of RBCs) s/s: low RBC count, fatigure, inflammation of mouth Tx: requires lifelong use of vitamin B12 Active Immunity - ANS-(long lasting) Naturally acquired by contracting a disease and producing antibodies to ward off the disease. Artificially required by injecting the body with attenuated disease causing microorganisms which stimulate the body to produce antibodies Passive Immunity - ANS-(short term) Nautrally acquired by passing antibodies from the mother's blood stream to the baby. Artifically required by ingesting antibodies from an immunized animal/human to prevent disease in a person who hasn't developed his/her own antibodies... CONTINUES...