NURS 615 Exam 4 Questions 100% Solved

Albuterol (Proventil HFA, Ventolin HFA, ProAir HFA) Levabuterol (Xopenex) Terbutaline (Brethine, Brethaire) Metaproterenol (Alpuent) Pirbuterol (Maxair) -ANSWER Short Acting Beta 2 Agonist (SABA) MOA: Stimulate beta 2 adrenergic receptors in the lungs to increase cAMP, which causes relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle and inhibit release of mediators of immediate hypersensitivity, especially mast cells Direct stimulation of beta 2 receptors in the heart, increases HR Stimulation of beta 2 receptors in the smooth muscle, vasodilates decreasing BP and increases HR Uses: Step 1 therapy, Intermittent Asthma, Acute attacks, Treatment or prevention of bronchospasms in pts 4 y/o and older with asthma, prevention of exercise induced bronchospasms Side effects: Tachycardia, tremors (should lessen if used correctly), Headache, GI upset, supraventricular and ventricular ectopic beats, pain, dizziness, pharyngitis, rhinitis. Overuse can lead to seizures, hypokalemia, angina and HTN Monitor: Usage of more than 2x/week, indicative of poor control of asthma. Monitor digoxin levels with albuterol and monitor potassium levels with non-potassium sparing diuretics Contraindications: Cardiac arrhythmias, angina, narrow angle glaucoma and seizure disorder; hypersensitivity to albuterol or any of its components, including milk proteins or levalbuterol; in patients with heart issues, administer levalbuterol vs. albuterol Avoid use in presence of pheochromocytoma due to risk of severe HTN crisis Drug Interactions: beta blockers, diuretics, digoxin, MAOIs, TCAs Dosage: 2 puffs every 4 hours PRN, may repeat dose in 20 minutes x3 during exacerbations. For prevention of exacerbation during exercise, 2 puffs 15-30 minutes before exercise Salmeterol (Serevent)