GED Social Studies Study Guide 2023/2024

The following are excerpts from the U.S. Constitution: Article 1, Section 8 - "The Congress shall have Power To...raise and support Armies...To provide and maintain a Navy...to provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining, the Militia." Article 2, Section 2 - "The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the Militia of the several States." - A. Federalism B. Limited Government C. Separation of Powers D. Judicial Review Answer: SEPARATION OF POWERS Explanation: Separation of powers refers to the division of government responsibilities into different branches. The purpose is to prevent the concentration of power and provide for checks and balances. The following is an excerpt from The Declaration of Independence: "...whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness." In the excerpt, what does the term abolish mean? - A. Validate B. Eliminate C. Change D. Ignore Answer: ELIMINATE Explanation: In this excerpt, abolish is used to describe eliminating or dissolving a government that is infringing upon citizens' rights. The founding fathers acknowledged that doing so should be attempted only after efforts to alter or change the status quo had failed. Furthermore, should a government be abolished, it was the responsibility of the people to then create a government that better suited the needs and rights of its citizens. Consider the following statements: When prices rise, supply increases. When prices fall, supply decreases. When prices increase, demand falls. When prices fall, demand increases. Which of the following is true? - A. Farmers will produce additional beans when the price per ton goes down by $10. B. Manufacturers will produce more tires when the price per tire goes up by $8. C. Consumers will buy more apples when the price per dozen goes up by $1.50. D. Consumers will buy less ice cream when the price per carton goes down by $1. Answer: B This is a case of rising prices leading to increasing supply. When the price of tires goes up, manufacturers will work to produce more tires in order to profit from these high prices. Over time, this increased production will start to push prices back down. Review the following timeline: 1932 - FDR is elected to his first term as president.