Motor control & Motor Learning Exam Study Guide, Verified

Motor control & Motor Learning Exam Study Guide, Verified Four characteristics of Learning not observable but inferred via: 1) improvement - score/movement 2) consistancy - permanent changes in behaviour 3) persistancy - relatively permanent 4) adaptability - different situations 4 performance curves and x & y axis x = practice y = performance 1) linear - straight 2) negatively accerlerated (HILL) - quick initial improvement but plateus ie boredom 3) positively accelerated (DITCH) - slow performance improvemnet initailly but quickly improves "finding feet" 4) ogive curve (S shaped and is rapid improvement) Performance curve limitations - senstivity of the measuring tool = ceiling and floor effects, everyone or nobody scoring well - need a decent spread. - Errors on x axis measurement system sensitive enough to measure improvements and reversibility - celing = struggle to see performace incraeses if not senstive enough - floor effects = fail to detect improvemnets - practice or x axis may be misrepresented by effects such as fatigue,motivation, environmental variables averaging individual results may mask trends (between, within subjects variability) Plateu - performance doesnt increase but learning is still occuring rentention tests Lee et al 1995 - performance & persistance of performance, performed after rest periods or no practice lee et al 1995 - circle drawing retention bad on day 2 - improved again day 2 end - day 3 cicle drawing was perfect = 2/3 days rentention needed transfer - adapatbility element of performance - learners must adapt a skill to a novel sitaution - variability may come from enviroment or skill designing learning experiments - groups, size, matched - ability/age/experience - sensitivity of measurement - practice = amount and type - retention/transfer tests - appropriate retention period 2) feedback INTRINSIC - info gathered from vision, audition and p