AP Art History - Baroque questions and answers graded A+

AP Art History - BaroqueIl Gesù - correct answer N: Il Gesù (aka Chiesa del Santissimo Nome di Gesù all'Argentina) D: CE A: Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola & Giacomo della Porta P/S: mannerist and baroque facade Pa: Cardinal Alessandro Farnese L: Rome, Italy M/T: brick, marble, & stucco F: mother church of Jesuits, a Catholic religious order C: Said to have "first truly baroque facade"- divided into two sections; lower is divided by six pairs(12 total) of pilasters with Corinthian capitals; upper is divided into four pairs (8 total) of pilasters; sections are joined by a volute on each side. Main door under a curvilinear tympanum, while the two side doors under a triangular tympanum. Above the main door = a shield with the letters IHS representing the Christogram. Papal coat of arms and a shield with the initialism SPQR, tying this church closely to the people of Rome, on the top broken pediment.. Arched pediment surrounding a triangular pediment above the entablature. Balustrade in top center window. Niches in walls witch pediments and some scupltures. Cartouche in bottom. In the interior, lots of gold, very elaborate, many realistic frescoes. DT: dome, Corinthian capitals, engaged columns, tympana, ordered (vertical and horizontal lines), pediments (both curved and triangular), single aisle, latin-cross plan, side chapel Triumph of the Name of Jesus fresco (at Il Gesù) - correct answer N: Triumph of the Name of Jesus D: 1678-79 A: Giovanni Battista Gaulli (Baciccio) & Ercole Antonio Raggi P/S: baroque Pa: L: Il Gesù, Rome M/T: fresco & stucco F: fresco painting on nave of church C: Makes it look like the ceiling is being opened up by the angels (heavens open up = idea that we can all reach heaven). In the center, a symbol of the Jesuits, IHS (which is an abbreviation of Christ's name) illuminates the scene with blinding light and cherubs. Stucco sculptures give a greater feeling of three dimensiality. Also the Magi are giving gifts to Christ. Prating and kneeling figures in the central band are drawn up to Heaven by light. Supported by angels, the clouds on which they kneel darken underneath, as simultaneously the name of God banishes sinners down into Hell. In the darkness beneath and to the right, a writhing mass of the heretical and the damned hurtle towards the viewer in the nave. DT: trompe l'oei, illusionism, sense of movement, bright colors, emotionalism, drama, di sotto in su Hunters in the Snow (winter) - correct answer N: Hunters in the snow D: 1565 P/S: Northern Renaissance A: Pieter Bruegel the Elder Pa: unknown L: Northern Europe M/T: Oil on wood painting Function: Act as a part of the series, show the season of winter C: This piece was one of the first genre paintings, which shows ordinary people doing everyday things. This can be seen with the hunters walking back to the town and the people iceskating in the distance. This is typical of the Northern Renaissance period because of the high horizon line and the detailed atmospheric perspective; the eye of the viewer is drawn up towards the distant sky. DT: ordinary, winter, atmospheric perspective, high horizon line The Calling of St. Matthew - correct answer N: Calling of Saint Matthew D: c. P/S: Southern Baroque Artist: Caravaggio Patron: Unknown Location: Italy Material/technique: Oil on canvas Function: Show the moment when Jesus persuades Matthew to follow him Context: This piece is extremely typical of the Baroque period because of the staged, one-directional lighting. The light appears to be coming from an open window, and it directly shines on who is thought to be Saint Matthew. Saint Matthew was a tax collector, and he, as well as the other men at the table,