Purdue PSY 120 Exam 2 Questions With Complete Solutions

functional fixedness correct answer: -the tendency to see objects and their functions in certain fixed and typical ways - can be a problem in solving problems because it prevents you from recognizing the tools needed to solve the problem representativeness heuristic correct answer: -the tendency to make decisions based on an alternatives similarity in relation to an ideal -example: people decide whether a sequence is random based on how irregular the sequence looks stages of language development correct answer: prelinguistic staged; 2-3-months; 4-6 months; linguistic stage; age 5 prelinguistic stage correct answer: begins with the newborn baby's reflexive cry 2-3 months correct answer: cooing, producing vowel like sounds (ooh, aah) 4-6 months correct answer: babbling, adding consonants to their vowels (bahbah, dahdah) linguistic stage correct answer: begins toward the end of the first year, when babbling begins to sounds more like the language of the child's home and when the child seems to understand that sound is related to meaning age 5 correct answer: most children have mastered the basic rules of grammar and typically use about 2000 words telegraphic speech correct answer: children's speech includes only words directly relevant to meaning and nothing more overextension correct answer: using words to include objects that do not fit the word's meaning phonology correct answer: rules governing how sounds should be combined to make words in a language syntax correct answer: rules governing how words should be combined to form sentences Gardner's theory of intelligence correct answer: -people posses a set of separate and independent intelligences ranging from musical to linguistic to interpersonal ability -8 types musical intelligence correct answer: gifted musicians or child prodigies bodily kinesthetic intelligence correct answer: gifted athletes, dancers, or surgeons who have great control over body movements logical intelligence correct answer: mathematical, superior scientists and logical problem solvers linguistic intelligence correct answer: great writers or poets who can express themselves verbally