Praxis 5543 practice questions and answers with certified solutions

Praxis 5543 practice questions and answers with certified solutions In making decisions about curriculum and instruction for a student with a disability, which of the following types of information is generally the most useful? Curriculum-based assessment Randi is a 12 year old who scores within the average range for her age on the Woodcock-Johnson Cognitive Battery but is significantly below grade level in reading and writing, and at grade level in math. This profile is most consistent with a possible diagnosis of Specific learning disability IDEA '97 requires which of the following on an individualized education plan (IEP)? A statement that explains why the placement is the least-restrictive environment Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of effective inclusive schools? An emphasis on categorical placement of students with disabilities "Filling out applications," "after-school job working with electrician," and "tutoring in functional reading skills" are all activities listed on Jeff's long-term goal is most likely to Obtain skilled or semiskilled employment Mobility training for students who are visually impaired can involve all of the following devices EXCEPT An Optacon scanner Two tests that could be used to identify a student as having mental retardation are Stanford-Binet and Scales of Independent Behavior The most frequently occurring permanently disabling birth defect, characterized by an abnormal opening in the spinal column, is called Spina bifida A curriculum that focuses on teaching functional and independent living skills, utilizes argumentative communication and assistive technology, and provides for extensive support in the classroom is most likely used with students with Multiple and severe disabilities Diana v. State Board of Education, 1970, Larry P. v. Riles, 1972, and Lau v. Nichols, 1974, influenced the drafting of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) and addressed the issue of Nondiscriminatory assessment In order to identify a student with learning disablilites, most examiners are concerned with a discrepancy between Ability and achievement tests, with ability being higher than achievement IDEA '97 contains all of the following provisions EXCEPT IEP's for college students 21 or younger On the basis of cases such as Hudsonv. ROwley (1982), the courts have determined that "appropriate education" means that Learners with disabilities will have the opportunity to achieve commensurate with peers In a full-inclusion model, services to students with disabilities are available in General-education classrooms From a functional perspective, deafness is related to difficulties with the ability to Hear and understand speech Many students with disabilities receive instruction in social skills because Social skills are crucial for successful inclusive education According to a behavioral classroom management model, if a student exhibits an inappropriate behavior, the teacher should Reinforce an appropriate but incompatible behavior Which of the following is true about a full-inclusion program? The general education teacher and special education classroom and part in the resource room Shania is a student with learning disabilities in the tenth grade. Because her reading level is low, she receives direct instruction in decoding skills to to facilitate recognition of high-frequency words. Shania's instruction represents a Remedial approach The most likely reason for administering the entire Woodcock-Johnson Psychoeducational Battery, Third Edition, to a student would be in an evaluation for Learning disabilities In order to meet the needs of an infant or toddler with disabilities, the results of an evaluation are used to develop an IFSP Which of the following instructional approaches does NOT involve student-to-student interaction? Direct instruction Adapting existing vocal or gestural abilities teaching manual singing, static symbols, or icons; and using technological devices for speech and language are all examples of Augmentative communication About 80 percent of all speech disorders are characterized by difficulties with Assistive technology Most people with severe and multiple disabilities have a primary condition of Articulation Mitch is a college- bound high school senior with learning disabilities. His IEP indicates that he uses a tape recorder in his English class and a calculator for taking tests in Algebra 2. Those accommodations are examples of Mental retardation Students with mild mental retardation make up what percentage of all students identified with mental retardation? 90% Using objectives from the student's work in class as a means to evaluate progress and adapt instruction is known as Curriculum-based assessment All of the following are components of IDEA '97 EXCEPT: ADD/ADHD is considered a specific disability category Placing students with the same disabilities together for instructional purposes represents a Categorical approach Bruce and Lou, who sit next to each other. distract each other in the classroom. The teacher has tried rewarding them for appropriate behavior, but their behavior has not changed. The teacher then changes their seating so that they are on opposite ends of the classroom. They now rarely distract each other. This is an example of Manipulating the antecedent stimulus In order to be identified as having mental retardation, a child must demonstrate significantly subaverage intellectual functioning and Related limitations on two or more areas of adaptive skills Having students keep track of their pwn behavior and then receive rewards for appropriate behavior is known as Contingency-based self-management Which of the following wold be most indicative of a receptive language disorder? A student looks at other students to see what they are doing when directions are given A psychoanalytic approach would explain behavior disorders as resulting from Early traumatic experiences A teacher who sets explicit and clear goals for each lesson, presents a logical sequence of tasks, gives clear directions on how to do each task, models the task, engages the student in guided practice , asks frequent questions, gives feedback, and does not move on to the next task until the student masters the one at hand is using Direct instruction A resource room teacher would be most likely to contact an occupational therapist for help with Teaching a student with muscular dystrophy how to paint with a brush Approximately two-thirds of children with attention deficit disorder or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder also have some kind of Learning disability Students with learning disabilities account for approximately what percentage of the students in special education? 50% Cedric is a fourth grader who seems to be having difficulty keeping up with reading tasks. His parents are interested in looking into the possibility of special education services. They have made an appointment with Cedric's teacher and the special education teacher who works with fourth-grade students. The likely first step the school will take is Prereferral screening and in-class observation Chelsea, a student with a mild hearing loss, often has difficultly following the teacher's directions in class, particularly when the teacher is doing work at the blackboard. Which of the following suggestions would be a most appropriate first step for the teacher to try to improve Chelsea's behavior? Do not give directions when facing the board Nicky is a fifth-grade student. On an informal reading inventory, his independent grade-reading level was 3.0 , his instructional level was 3.7, and his frustration level was 4.2. Which of the following is the most sensible advice for a special education teacher to give to Nicky's social studies teacher? Try to find and use content-appropriate reading at a third-grade level Roberto, who speaks English as a second language, has been having difficultly with reading and writing tasks in his third-grade class. After he is referred for testing, his scores on the WISC-III are significantly subaverage. His family contests the results of the testing. Which of the following principles from IDEA '97 can they cite as inconsistent with the test? Nondiscriminatory assessment Which of the following would be an appropriate functional writing unit for high school students with mild mental retardation? Learning to fill out job applications All of the following methods are designed to decrease or extinguish behavior EXCEPT: Negative reinforcement of the target behavior Which of the following perspectives attributes emotional and behavioral disorders to poor interaction with the environment, in which the student and the environment affect each other reciprocally, and often advocates interventions that involve altering the entire social system? Ecological Requiring all members of a group to achieve a certain goal before any member of the group receives an award is an example of Group-contingency contracting The Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales would most likely be used in the diagnosis of Mental retardation Planning that includes goals and objectives addressing future employment, independent living, adult services, and community participation for students 14 years and older with disabilities is known as An individualized transition plan (ITP) Tim is a student with a behavior disorder who talks back to his teacher so much that he consistently disrupts the rest of the class. The teacher has asked the administration to suspend Tim for several days. The administration responds that it will not suspend Tim because his behavior is connected to his disability. Suspending him would be discriminating against Tim on the basis of his disability. The principle of IDEA '97 that supports the administration's decision is Zero reject The approach to reading instruction that uses students' language and experiences and in which reading is taught as a meaning-oriented, integrated activity rather than as a collection of separate skills is called Whole language Which principle of IDEA '97 requires including students with disabilities in general education settings to the extent that the individual needs of the extent that the individual needs of the student are met? Least-restrictive environment A 14 year old boy with mild autism would be LEAST likely to have which of the following components in his curriculum? Reading instruction in a second-grade test Natalie has occasional outbursts or temper tantrums during class. She tends to be disruptive because her outbursts often last for long periods of time. Her teacher wants to intervene but knows that it is important to do baseline assessment. The most useful type of assessment for this behavior would come from Duration recording All of the following are the components of the AAMR definition of mental retardation EXCEPT Primarily genetic causation Some students with disabilities have a tendency to give up because they think that they will fail no matter how hard they try. This phenomenon is known as Learned helplessness Which of the following activities would be LEAST likely to foster parent-teacher cooperation? Inviting all the student's teachers to the IEP meeting An organization that was founded in 1922 to advocate for ll children with disabilities was Council for Exceptional Children (CEC) The approach that categorizes exceptionality as the statistical degree to which an individual deviates from the average in terms of cognitive, social-emotional, and physical abilities is called Developmental Andrea is a student with a mild conductive hearing loss. She is likely to make use of A hearing aid