AMSCO AP WORLD HISTORY: MODERN,
TOPIC 5.6 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Ottoman Empire - answer Sick man of Europe; didn't adopt Western tech or Enlightenment
ideas, corruption led to rapid decline, & ethnic nationalism among the diverse population of the
empire led to unrest; dismantled after WW1
China's 2 19th Century Humiliations - answer Suffered at the hands of Europeans: the Opium
War & the split into "spheres of influence"
China's government - answer In the 1900s became a republic briefly but its trauma from the
1800s left a central gov too weak to effectively promote industrialization for decades
Japan's government - answer The central gov got stronger in its struggle to keep independence
& territorial integrity in the face of Western challenges
Mamluks - answer Former Turkish slaves who formed a military class; had ruled Egypt for 600
years
Egypt - answer Ottomans technically ruled but had little power so they tried to retake it but
when a new governor was elected by local leaders, the sultan could only agree
Muhammad Ali - answer An Albanian Ottoman officer who rose to prominence during the
Ottoman's conflict with the Mamluks & was selected to be Egypt's governor; able to act
somewhat independently of the Ottoman sultan
Ali's Reforms - answer Making over the country's military on a European model, established
schools, sent military officers to be educated in France, started an official newspaper, & highly
taxed the peasants so they were forced to give up their lands to the state
TOPIC 5.6 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Ottoman Empire - answer Sick man of Europe; didn't adopt Western tech or Enlightenment
ideas, corruption led to rapid decline, & ethnic nationalism among the diverse population of the
empire led to unrest; dismantled after WW1
China's 2 19th Century Humiliations - answer Suffered at the hands of Europeans: the Opium
War & the split into "spheres of influence"
China's government - answer In the 1900s became a republic briefly but its trauma from the
1800s left a central gov too weak to effectively promote industrialization for decades
Japan's government - answer The central gov got stronger in its struggle to keep independence
& territorial integrity in the face of Western challenges
Mamluks - answer Former Turkish slaves who formed a military class; had ruled Egypt for 600
years
Egypt - answer Ottomans technically ruled but had little power so they tried to retake it but
when a new governor was elected by local leaders, the sultan could only agree
Muhammad Ali - answer An Albanian Ottoman officer who rose to prominence during the
Ottoman's conflict with the Mamluks & was selected to be Egypt's governor; able to act
somewhat independently of the Ottoman sultan
Ali's Reforms - answer Making over the country's military on a European model, established
schools, sent military officers to be educated in France, started an official newspaper, & highly
taxed the peasants so they were forced to give up their lands to the state
