NU 309 Module 1 Questions with Correct Answers

NU 309 Module 1 Questions with Correct Answers pharmacology - Answer-study of the effects of drugs and chemicals on living organisms (where a drug can be broadly defined as any chemical substance, natural or synthetic, that affects a biological system) Key components of clinical pharmacology - Answer-drug's effects on the body body's response to the drug pharmakokinetics - Answer-refers to the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs (body's response to the drug) pharmakodynamics - Answer-refers to the molecular, biochemical, and physiological effects of drugs, including drug mechanism of action (drugs effects on the body) -•Science of dealing with interactions between living organisms and foreign chemicals -•Living systems have chemical reactions occurring continuously in the body. •When other chemicals (drugs) are added to the body, other effects occur. -Pharmacodynamics is the study of the interactions between the chemical components of living systems and the foreign chemicals, including drugs, that enter those systems. All living organisms function by a series of complicated, continuous chemical reactions. When a new chemical enters the system, multiple changes and interferences with cell functioning may occur. -To avoid such problems, drug development works to provide the most effective and least toxic chemicals for therapeutic use. Drugs usually work in one of four ways: 1.To replace or act as substitutes for missing chemicals 2.2. To increase or stimulate certain cellular activities 3.3. To depress or slow cellular activities 4.4. To interfere with the functioning of foreign cells, such as invading microorganisms or neoplasms leading to cell death (drugs that act in this way are called chemotherapeutic agents) Drugs can act in several different ways to achieve these results.