OCR Biology A-Level Hormones Summary

Endocrine Glands Group of :
seus
specialised to screte hormones into the blood
Exocrine Glands Secrete :

other molecules via ducts

Pituitary Gland Produces hormones
·



growth
:




·


Thyroid Gland Produces thyroxine :

to control metabolism
·
Adrenal Gland Produces adrenaline :




·

Testis :
Produces testosterone

· Ovaries Produce
destrogen
:




·Pancreas Produces :
insulin
·
Produces thymosin for production of
Thymus the white blood cens
:




·Pineal Gland Produces :
melatonin

Hormones blood and bond to
target sell
Chemical
messengers that travel in the receptors
:




Steroid hormones Lipid soluble pass the membrane and bond
through to
cytoplasm receptors
·
:


,


·

Non-steroid :



Hydrophilic so bond to cell surface receptors - release of CAMP
Hormonal Communication vs
. Nervous Communication :
·

Hormones vs .
neve impulses
·

Transmission in blood vs .
Neurones

slow vs . Fast

Hormones act
large scale vs Specific body parts
·


on a .




widespread response vs . Localised
lived
long lasting vs . Short

Adrenal Gland :




Adrenal Cortex Produces hormones :
that are essential for life
Adrenal medulla Produces :
non-essential hormones

Glucocorticoids




E
:



Cortisol
Regulates metabolism in to stress
-




response
:




- Corticosterone Regulates immune response/inflammation
· :




mineralocorticoids :

Aldosterone Controls blood :

pressure by balancing salt/water




Androgens
:
small amounts of sex hormone

Adrenaline Increases :
heart rate and
produces lots of glucose
Noradrenaline Works with adrenaline to :



respond to stress