BIS 2A Midterm 1 Britt

BIS 2A Midterm 1 Britt Which of the following statements best describes covalent bonds? - CORRECT ANSWER-the sharing of an electron pair between atoms; relatively strong bond Which of the carbon atoms is most oxidized? - CORRECT ANSWER-CO2 How can living things grow and display increasing levels of order, reorganizing random molecules into complex organized molecules? - CORRECT ANSWER-living things capture the energy from their environment, like nearby exergonic reactions, and use that energy to create order Early in earths history there was no O2 in atmosphere. So.. - CORRECT ANSWERearly forms of respiration had to find another terminal acceptor for electrons (not O2) An uncharged but highly electronegative atom X meets an uncharged but weakly electronegative atom Y. What will probably happen? - CORRECT ANSWER-X will steal Y's electrons or they will share electron pair but spend more time with X Will hydrogen or carbon, when oxidized to completion, release the most energy per molecule of CO2 emitted? - CORRECT ANSWER-CH4 (natural gas) Respiration enables a cell to... - CORRECT ANSWER-Use oxidation of NADH to provide power for formation of a proton gradient ATP is called a high energy compound because... - CORRECT ANSWER-the delta G for the hydrolysis of ATP is very negative more energy is harvested during citric acid cycle than glycolysis but only 1 mole of ATP is produced in citric acid cycle for each mole Acetyl coA. the remaining harvested energy during cycle is.. - CORRECT ANSWER-used to reduce electron carriers Salmonella causes intestinal diseases in many animals. While infecting its host, Salmonella gets its energy by being a - CORRECT ANSWER-organoheterotroph The production of ATP from ADP and Pi in the 2 steps of glycolysis is powered by - CORRECT ANSWER-the oxidation of carbon by NAD+ gives energy to produce ATP Mixing reaction of 2H2 + O2 = 2H20 at room temp will.. - CORRECT ANSWER-have no effect because of the high energy of the transition state both fermentation and respiration share metabolic pathway termed 'glycolysis'. They also share... - CORRECT ANSWER-none of the above When illuminated by white light, leaves look green bc - CORRECT ANSWER-green photons are more weakly absorbed by chlorophyll than other visible photons In a well lit chloroplast, CO2 would be fixed into sugars in the... - CORRECT ANSWERin the stroma There was no O2 in early earths atmosphere because... - CORRECT ANSWER-the early earth was very hot and O2 is very reactive so it reacted with other chemicals using electron tower provided, which compound would be strongest electron donor? - CORRECT ANSWER-H2S In noncyclic photosynthesis the excited electrons end up - CORRECT ANSWER-being used to reduce NADP+ which of the following is true for anoxygenic photosynthesis - CORRECT ANSWER-it represents an origin for the more complex oxygenic photosynthesis reactions the light reactions of photosynthesis provide the calvin cycle with - CORRECT ANSWER-ATP and NADPH Key difference between respiration and fermentation is - CORRECT ANSWER-that for fermentation reactions, the oxidation of NADH occurs in absence of external electron acceptors and in respiration, ATP is produced indirectly through a proton motive force created by transferring electrons between several electron carriers called ETC In the mitochondria - CORRECT ANSWER-protons are concentrated in the intermembrane space and drive ATP synthesis via the ATPase embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane the function of NADH is to... - CORRECT ANSWER-reduce molecules in cell, provide electrons to ETC to generate ATP why does transport of pyruvate from the cytoplasm into the mitochondrion reflect a decision point in your core metabolism? - CORRECT ANSWER-cell must decide if theres enough O2 for respiration, the citric acid cycle takes place in the matrix of the mitochondrion, fermentation takes place in stroma of chloroplast hydrolysis of ATP is energetically favorable bc... - CORRECT ANSWER-the concentration of water is high (water is one of reactants in hydrolysis), like charges are separated, and a big molecule is broken into 2 smaller molecules generation of glucose to glucose 6- phosphate is energetically favorable because - CORRECT ANSWER-the formation of glucose-6-P is coupled to the separation of Pi (inorganic phosphate) from ATP (when creating ADP)