SCIE 326 Unit 1-8 SG & LO Questions Graded A+(100% Verified)

Why is it important to study science? 3pts - 1. unlimited freedom of inquiry 2. important to know science is not static, and it evolves 3. important to study science and scientific pov for even if no one else plans to engage Reason why religion and science is on opposing sides - religious groups oppose all research on methods for the control of human fertility, religious groups challenge the freedom of inquiry General definition of science - way to generate relative knowledge, and an accurate way of gaining this knowledge. Need to have inductive attitude, based on human activity Describe Roentgen's discovery of x rays - was holding a small lead disk between phosphar tube and cathoder ray tube, noticed the shadows of his hand Kekule's discovery of Benzene - - issue was the benzene does not accept any new H molecules - had chain of carbons close in on themselves to make room for bonding - visual approach to benzene discovery of energy bands in solids - used quantam mechanics to solve the problem, used the fact ions in a metal are arranged in an orderly periodic fashion biogeographical studies -humbolt journeyed to south america and mexico realized that there was differences between geographical location and vegetation developed theory of biogeography: physical conditions of an area influence the features of an ecosystem Discovery of smallpox vaccine - Jenner used inoculated cowpox virus collected from pustules. If you had cowpox you wouldn't get small pox, but only if a pustules is at its characteristics of a good question - 1. it has depth 2. it is tantalizing (hold out possibility for answer) 3. it is suggestive (almost tells how to find it) 4. it is fruitful what is the link between the sense of wonder and science? - the desire to understand (to wonder) and the desire for truth (science) Three criteria for valid answer in science - 1. no ans can involve a logical contradiction 2. every ans must be consistent with theories or provide a good reason for changing theories 3. no ans can be violated an established empirical fact without explanations Describe the stages in the development of a scientific idea, or an entire field of science: roland's four stage model- ecdv - 1. exploratory stage: initial stage, observing the facts, performing experiments, getting data 2. conceptual stage: developing and selection of concepts that will help the principal you're looking for 3. developmental stage: examining all the possible sequences of the principals 4. verification stage: each prediction is systematically subjected to the test of experience five questions that can be answered in science - 1. will this experiment interfere with the natural behaviour of the system? 2. are the systems able to detect the expected results? 3. is the available equipment capable of detecting results 4. is the initial state of the system studied properly 5. will the experimental procedure destroy or disable the system being studied Two major pieces of evidence that led snow to the discovery of cholera - 1. Pump handle removed and disease went down in the area. 2. Those in the area drinking other water were fine.Main question that snow asked in his research for cholera and how we figured it out - How does cholera spread? A: Took on the hypothesis of other physicians and answered this by comparing the groups from the water pump Why did not everybody get sick who came into contact with a cholera patient? Discovered washing hands was a factor bottom-up approach - begin with the most basic components of the system and fit together to make the system top down approach - it is assumed that a system must satisfy certain constraints, either on the basis of general laws of nature, or in order to maintain its integrity as a system. i.e.. human psyiology