PNR 415 EXAM LATEST UPDATE GRADED A+

PNR 415 EXAM LATEST UPDATE GRADED A+ CNO Entry to Practice Competencies Conceptual framework Patient Acuity Self regulation CNO Conflict Resolution Resolution approaches Techniques Values clarification Conflict prevention and management What is mediation? Provinces decide how much money to spend on health services, where to deliver these services, where to locate hospitals, and how many doctors are needed. federal in the Yukon, Nunavut, and the Northwest Territories and of Aboriginal people who live on reserve, members of the armed forces and veterans, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP), and inmates of federal institutions. block funding Combination of cash payments and tax points (form of cost sharing between federal and provincial governments) No extra billing for medical services by doctors No user fees charged for insured health services Approaches to Health Care in Canada Population health Integrated health care Delivery Primary health care Disease management Population Health It aims to reduce inequities among different groups of population (the vulnerable). The ultimate goal is to improve the health of the entire population. LHINs use the Home and Community Care Charter for the planning, delivery, and evaluation of home care and community services. should submit an evidence-informed capacity plan for its region. allowed discretion to direct funds to reflect the priorities within their region to meet client and family home care and community service needs Privacy Legislation Privacy Act Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act health care economics Scarcity Choice Preference Scarcity Resources exist in finite quantities, and consumption demand is greater than existing resources. Choice Decisions are made about which resources to produce and consume among options. Preference Individual and societal values and preferences influence the decisions that are made. altruism the unselfish concern for the welfare of others Ethics the doctrine that the general welfare of society is the proper goal of an individual's actions Functions of health care system Financing Funding Delivery Evidence-Based Practice does not guarantee good decisions, but it is key to improving outcomes that affect health. Politics Involves using power to influence, persuade, or change—it is the activity in which conflicting interests struggle for advantage or dominance in the making and execution of public policies. Stakeholders and Health Care Control of health care resources is spread among a number of vested interest groups exert political pressure Politics and Demographic Changes Seniors 65 and older are likely to be the most powerful consumer group Consumer Demands more than passive recipients of health care. They expect organizations and providers to be consumer-friendly and service-oriented. They want a say in how health care is delivered. leadership influencing the thinking and actions of others with respect to achieving a goal formal leader person in a position of authority or someone with a sanctioned, assigned role within an organization that connotes influence. informal leader demonstrates leadership outside the scope of a formal leadership role or as a member of a group, rather than as the head or leader of the group. Characteristics of Leaders Intelligence Self-confidence Determination Integrity Sociability emotional intelligence The ability both to recognize the meaning of emotions and their relationships and to reason and solve problems on the basis of emotions. Leadership Theories Behavioural approach Contingency approach Contemporary approach Behavioural Approach Autocratic, democratic, laissez-saire Contemporary Approaches Transformational leadership theory is based on the idea of empowering others to engage in pursuing a collective purpose by working together to achieve a vision of a preferred future. Management systematic process of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling actions and resources to achieve organizational goals Interprofessional team Composed of members with a variety of clinical expertise Stages of Team Process Forming Storming Norming Performing Adjourning operating budgets account for income and expenses associated with day-to-day activity within a department or organization. capital budgets account for the purchase of major new or replacement equipment. construction budgets developed when renovation or new structures are planned. Budget Preparation Budgets are generally developed for a 12-month period, or yearly cycle. Fiscal year is determined by the organization. Shorter- or longer-term budgets also may be developed. Zero-based budgeting process used to drill down into expenses by detailing every supply item and quantity of items used. strategic planning Defined as the sum total or outcome of the processes by which an organization engages in environmental analysis, goal formulation, and strategy development with the purpose of organizational growth and renewal Reengineering the fundamental rethinking and redesign of the process under review to bring about radical and dramatic improvements and increases in value SWOT Strength Weak Opportunities Threats Mission Statement formal expression of the purpose or reason for existence of the organization philosophy value statement of the principles and beliefs that direct the organization's behaviour Vision provides a clear picture Values formally stated and explicit, or may be implicit and part of the organizational culture Benner's Novice to Expert Model Novice Advanced beginner Competent Proficient Expert Bioethics Arose in the 20th century Referred to as health care ethics Developed in response to new technologies, choices, and concerns in maintaining and intervening in the lives of human beings Moral Distress Ask Affirm Assess Act Consequentialist most important to maximize positive consequences and minimize the negative consequences Utilitarianism focuses on providing benefits to the greatest number Deontology focuses on duties or the means rather than focusing on the end to a goal Principlism Respect for autonomy Beneficence Non-maleficence Justice Professional Dilemmas Consent and autonomy Resource allocation End-of-life care Truth telling Interprofessional Communication open communication among interdisciplinary teams of health care professionals creates a culture of safety, which is necessary to protect patients from harm and meet patient safety standards emotional intelligence the ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions Client Acuity measure of nursing workload that is generated for each client. Response to change resistance Level of trust Ability to cope with change Predictability & capability ADPIE Assessment Diagnosis Planning Implementation Evaluation Incapacitated member has a physical or mental condition, and the disorder affects the member's ability to practise safely. Incompetence it must relate to the nurse's professional care of a patient; the nurse must display a lack of knowledge, skill or judgment; and the deficiencies must be of a nature or to an extent that demonstrates that the nurse is unfit to continue to practise, or that her or his practice should be restricted. Capital account for the purchase of major new or replacement equipment Operating Budgets account for income & expenses associated with day-to-day activity within a department or organization Construction budgets developed when renovation or new structures are planned Direct expenses costs of providing service such as staffing Indirect expenses items such as phones Nuremberg Code International code of conduct developed after WWII. A set of principles to govern research on human subjects Longitudinal studies follow research participants over time Descriptive studies describe the population, no treatment is done Methodological research aimed at developing tolls to be used in future research studies Lewin's model Unfreezing—thawing of the current or old way of doing things (individuals realize need for change) Movement—intervention or change is introduced and explained (benefits and disadvantages are discussed); the move occurs Refreezing—new way of doing things is incorporated