COMPREHESIVE TEST REVIEW
Get a hint
Pronephros >>> developmental stages of the kidney
week 7 >>> differentiation of the mullein ductile system into functioning ovaries occurs later
then what
ureterocele >>> dilation of the distal end of the ureter
posterior urethral valves (PUV) >>> -mucosal folds found in the distal prostatic urethra that
look like this membranes
-the most common obstructive urethral lesions in infants
males >>> posterior urethral valves only occurs in what?
1:5000-8000 births >>> PUV is estimated to occur in how many births?
right kidney >>> what kidney lies lower due to the position of the liver
400-600ml >>> adult bladder has the capacity of what?
corpus spongiosum >>> -houses the urethra and keeps the urethra open during ejaculation
-capable of significant enlargement when engorged with blood during tumescence
spermatids >>> immature spermatozoon produced by meiotic division of a secondary
spermatocyte
hydronephrosis >>> -swelling of the kidney
-the abnormal collection of urine in the renal collecting system or ureter
-UTIs
-hydronephrosis
-kidney damage >>> obstruction of the urinary tract leads to increased risks of what?
-supersaturation
-matrix formation
-lack of specific protective agents
-any combination >>> urinary calculi is formed through what four processes
cystine stones >>> -often seen in children
-caused by the renal tubules, inability to absorb the amino acid cysteine
-rare stones
3% >>> cystine stones account for what percent of all stones
xanthine >>> -caused by a rare inherited condition which causes excessive excretion
-often confused with uric acid stones because both are radiolucent
proteus bacteria >>> struvite stones present in patients with alkali urine and UTIs by what?
ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) >>> the union of the ureter and the pelvis of the kidney
Ureteroiliac junction (UIJ) >>> the portion of the ureter near the sacroiliac junction
ureterovesical junction (UVJ) >>> -created by the union of the distal ureter and bladder wall
-a one-way door allowing urine to flow into the bladder and preventing reflux in to the kidney
-intravesical ureter
-trigone
-portion of the bladder wall >>> UVJ is composed of what 3 units
-N/V
-paralytic ileus
-colic
, -hematuria
-fever
-elevated WBC >>> symptoms of the urinary calculi
urinary diverticula >>> blind pouch within the muscle wall of the bladder or urethra
1-5% >>> what percent of women between 20-60 years have urinary diverticula
-Hx of chronic UtIs
-palpable perineal mass
-urethral calculi
-pus from the urethra
-false passage
-painful intercourse >>> signs and symptoms of urinary diverticula
benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) >>> a benign enlargement of the prostate
13.5% >>> what percent of males over the age of 50 have BPH
-voiding hesitancy
-nocturia
-urgency
-incomplete bladder emptying
-dripping after voiding
-weak stream
-straining to urinate >>> signs and symptoms of BPH
-chills
-fever
-costovertebral tenderness
-dysuria
-frequency
-urgency
-WBC & RBC in urine
-bacteria
-leukocytosis
-malaise
-flank pain >>> signs and symptoms of acute pyelonephritis
cystitis >>> urinary infection localized only to the bladder
balanitis >>> inflammation of the glans penis
Paraphimosis >>> inability to replace the prepuce in its normal position covering the glans
-scrotal pain
-N/V
-past history >>> signs and symptoms of torsion
anorchism >>> both bilateral testis have failed to descend to the scrotum
chemotherapy >>> medical treatment for bladder cancer
-noninvasive tumors- stage 0
-recurring CIS >>> indications for bacille calnette-gurerin (BCG)
laser fulguration >>> noninvasive surgical treatment for bladder cancer
adenocarcinoma >>> cancer of the tissue of male prostate gland
95% >>> adenocarcinoma makes up what percent of prostate cancer
0.5-1.0cm >>> during a digital rectal exam(DRE) typically what size is the prostate
hard nodules >>> DRE tumors are typically palpable as discrete what
Get a hint
Pronephros >>> developmental stages of the kidney
week 7 >>> differentiation of the mullein ductile system into functioning ovaries occurs later
then what
ureterocele >>> dilation of the distal end of the ureter
posterior urethral valves (PUV) >>> -mucosal folds found in the distal prostatic urethra that
look like this membranes
-the most common obstructive urethral lesions in infants
males >>> posterior urethral valves only occurs in what?
1:5000-8000 births >>> PUV is estimated to occur in how many births?
right kidney >>> what kidney lies lower due to the position of the liver
400-600ml >>> adult bladder has the capacity of what?
corpus spongiosum >>> -houses the urethra and keeps the urethra open during ejaculation
-capable of significant enlargement when engorged with blood during tumescence
spermatids >>> immature spermatozoon produced by meiotic division of a secondary
spermatocyte
hydronephrosis >>> -swelling of the kidney
-the abnormal collection of urine in the renal collecting system or ureter
-UTIs
-hydronephrosis
-kidney damage >>> obstruction of the urinary tract leads to increased risks of what?
-supersaturation
-matrix formation
-lack of specific protective agents
-any combination >>> urinary calculi is formed through what four processes
cystine stones >>> -often seen in children
-caused by the renal tubules, inability to absorb the amino acid cysteine
-rare stones
3% >>> cystine stones account for what percent of all stones
xanthine >>> -caused by a rare inherited condition which causes excessive excretion
-often confused with uric acid stones because both are radiolucent
proteus bacteria >>> struvite stones present in patients with alkali urine and UTIs by what?
ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) >>> the union of the ureter and the pelvis of the kidney
Ureteroiliac junction (UIJ) >>> the portion of the ureter near the sacroiliac junction
ureterovesical junction (UVJ) >>> -created by the union of the distal ureter and bladder wall
-a one-way door allowing urine to flow into the bladder and preventing reflux in to the kidney
-intravesical ureter
-trigone
-portion of the bladder wall >>> UVJ is composed of what 3 units
-N/V
-paralytic ileus
-colic
, -hematuria
-fever
-elevated WBC >>> symptoms of the urinary calculi
urinary diverticula >>> blind pouch within the muscle wall of the bladder or urethra
1-5% >>> what percent of women between 20-60 years have urinary diverticula
-Hx of chronic UtIs
-palpable perineal mass
-urethral calculi
-pus from the urethra
-false passage
-painful intercourse >>> signs and symptoms of urinary diverticula
benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) >>> a benign enlargement of the prostate
13.5% >>> what percent of males over the age of 50 have BPH
-voiding hesitancy
-nocturia
-urgency
-incomplete bladder emptying
-dripping after voiding
-weak stream
-straining to urinate >>> signs and symptoms of BPH
-chills
-fever
-costovertebral tenderness
-dysuria
-frequency
-urgency
-WBC & RBC in urine
-bacteria
-leukocytosis
-malaise
-flank pain >>> signs and symptoms of acute pyelonephritis
cystitis >>> urinary infection localized only to the bladder
balanitis >>> inflammation of the glans penis
Paraphimosis >>> inability to replace the prepuce in its normal position covering the glans
-scrotal pain
-N/V
-past history >>> signs and symptoms of torsion
anorchism >>> both bilateral testis have failed to descend to the scrotum
chemotherapy >>> medical treatment for bladder cancer
-noninvasive tumors- stage 0
-recurring CIS >>> indications for bacille calnette-gurerin (BCG)
laser fulguration >>> noninvasive surgical treatment for bladder cancer
adenocarcinoma >>> cancer of the tissue of male prostate gland
95% >>> adenocarcinoma makes up what percent of prostate cancer
0.5-1.0cm >>> during a digital rectal exam(DRE) typically what size is the prostate
hard nodules >>> DRE tumors are typically palpable as discrete what
