Chemistry Paper 1 COMPREHESIVE
EXAM
hydrogen ions<< ans What are acids in solution a source of?
hydroxide<< ans What are alkalis in solution a source of?
7<< ans What is the pH of a neutral solution?
low (less than 7)<< ans Do acidic solutions have high or low pH values?
high (greater than 7)<< ans Do alkaline solutions have high or low pH values?
alkaline<< ans Is this solution acidic or alkaline?
acidic<< ans Is this solution acidic or alkaline?
red<< ans Give the colour of methyl orange indicator when it is put into an acidic solution
yellow<< ans Give the colour of methyl orange indicator when it is put into an neutral solution
yellow<< ans Give the colour of methyl orange indicator when it is put into an alkaline solution
colourless<< ans Give the colour of phenolphthalein indicator when it is put into an acidic
solution
colourless<< ans Give the colour of phenolphthalein indicator when it is put into an neutral
solution
pink<< ans Give the colour of phenolphthalein indicator when it is put into an alkaline solution
it decreases<< ans What happens to pH when hydrogen ion concentration increases?
it increases<< ans What happens to pH when hydrogen ion concentration decreases?
it decreases by 1<< ans What happens to pH as hydrogen ion concentration in a solution
increases by a factor of 10?
a concentrated solution has a higher amount of substance dissolved in the solution<< ans What is
the difference between a concentrated and dilute solution?
one that only partially dissociates into ions<< ans What is a weak acid?
one that fully dissociates into ions<< ans What is a strong acid?
any substance that reacts with an acid to form a salt and water only<< ans What is a base?
soluble bases<< ans What are alkalis?
salt + hydrogen<< ans Complete this equation: acid + metal -->
salt + water<< ans Complete this equation: acid + metal oxide -->
salt + water<< ans Complete this equation: acid + metal hydroxide -->
salt + carbon dioxide + water<< ans Complete this equation: acid + metal carbonate -->
a lit splint causes a 'pop'<< ans What is the test for hydrogen?
lime water<< ans What is needed to test for carbon dioxide?
lime water turns cloudy<< ans What is the test for carbon dioxide?
a reaction between an acid and a base<< ans What is a neutralisation reaction?
H+ + OH- → H2O<< ans Write a general equation for a neutralisation reaction
titration<< ans What technique needs to be used if soluble salts are prepared from an acid and a
soluble reactant?
burette<< ans Name this piece of apparatus
pipette<< ans Name this piece of apparatus
they are all soluble<< ans What is true about common sodium, potassium and ammonium salts?
true<< ans True or false: all nitrates are soluble
, false: common chlorides are soluble except those of silver and lead<< ans True or false: all
chlorides are soluble
silver and lead<< ans Give 2 examples of metals that form insoluble chlorides
false: common sulfates are soluble except those of lead, barium and calcium<< ans True or false:
all sulfates are soluble
lead, barium and calcium<< ans Give 3 examples of metals that form insoluble sulfates
false: common carbonates and hydroxides are insoluble except those of sodium, potassium and
ammonium<< ans True or false: all carbonates are soluble
sodium, potassium and ammonium<< ans Give 3 examples of cations that form soluble
carbonates
ionic compounds in the molten state or dissolved in water<< ans What are electrolytes?
a process in which electrical energy, from a direct current supply, decomposes electrolytes<< ans
What is electrolysis?
a positively charged ion<< ans What is a cation?
a negatively charged ion<< ans What is a anion?
a negatively charged electrode<< ans What is a cathode?
a positively charged electrode<< ans What is a anode?
the negatively charged cathode<< ans Where do cations move to in electrolysis?
the positively charged anode<< ans Where do anions move to in electrolysis?
copper and oxygen<< ans What are the products of the electrolysis of copper chloride solution?
hydrogen and chlorine<< ans What are the products of the electrolysis of sodium chloride
solution?
hydrogen and oxygen<< ans What are the products of the electrolysis of sodium sulfate solution?
oxygen and hydrogen<< ans What are the products of the electrolysis of water acidified with
sulfuric acid?
lead and bromine<< ans What are the products of the electrolysis of molten lead bromide?
loss of electrons<< ans What is oxidation?
gain of electrons<< ans What is reduction?
at the cathode<< ans Where does reduction occur during electrolysis?
at the anode<< ans Where does oxidation occur during electrolysis?
oxygen and copper<< ans What are the products of the electrolysis of copper sulfate solution?
pH meter<< ans Give the term being defined: Electronic device used to measure the pH of a
solution.
potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, aluminium, (carbon), zinc, iron, (hydrogen), copper,
silver, gold<< ans Give the reactivity series (from most to least reactive)
the Earth's crust<< ans Where are most metals are extracted from ores found?
in the Earth's crust as the uncombined elements<< ans Where and how are unreactive metals
found?
the gain of oxygen<< ans What is oxidation?
the loss of oxygen<< ans What is reduction?
they are reduced<< ans What happens to ores when metals are extracted from them?
heating with carbon and electrolysis<< ans Give 2 methods of extracting metals from their ores
the position of the metal in the reactivity series and the cost of the extraction process<< ans
Which 2 factors affect which method is chosen to extract a metal?
bacterial and phytoextraction<< ans Name 2 biological methods of metal extraction
economic implications, preservation of both the
EXAM
hydrogen ions<< ans What are acids in solution a source of?
hydroxide<< ans What are alkalis in solution a source of?
7<< ans What is the pH of a neutral solution?
low (less than 7)<< ans Do acidic solutions have high or low pH values?
high (greater than 7)<< ans Do alkaline solutions have high or low pH values?
alkaline<< ans Is this solution acidic or alkaline?
acidic<< ans Is this solution acidic or alkaline?
red<< ans Give the colour of methyl orange indicator when it is put into an acidic solution
yellow<< ans Give the colour of methyl orange indicator when it is put into an neutral solution
yellow<< ans Give the colour of methyl orange indicator when it is put into an alkaline solution
colourless<< ans Give the colour of phenolphthalein indicator when it is put into an acidic
solution
colourless<< ans Give the colour of phenolphthalein indicator when it is put into an neutral
solution
pink<< ans Give the colour of phenolphthalein indicator when it is put into an alkaline solution
it decreases<< ans What happens to pH when hydrogen ion concentration increases?
it increases<< ans What happens to pH when hydrogen ion concentration decreases?
it decreases by 1<< ans What happens to pH as hydrogen ion concentration in a solution
increases by a factor of 10?
a concentrated solution has a higher amount of substance dissolved in the solution<< ans What is
the difference between a concentrated and dilute solution?
one that only partially dissociates into ions<< ans What is a weak acid?
one that fully dissociates into ions<< ans What is a strong acid?
any substance that reacts with an acid to form a salt and water only<< ans What is a base?
soluble bases<< ans What are alkalis?
salt + hydrogen<< ans Complete this equation: acid + metal -->
salt + water<< ans Complete this equation: acid + metal oxide -->
salt + water<< ans Complete this equation: acid + metal hydroxide -->
salt + carbon dioxide + water<< ans Complete this equation: acid + metal carbonate -->
a lit splint causes a 'pop'<< ans What is the test for hydrogen?
lime water<< ans What is needed to test for carbon dioxide?
lime water turns cloudy<< ans What is the test for carbon dioxide?
a reaction between an acid and a base<< ans What is a neutralisation reaction?
H+ + OH- → H2O<< ans Write a general equation for a neutralisation reaction
titration<< ans What technique needs to be used if soluble salts are prepared from an acid and a
soluble reactant?
burette<< ans Name this piece of apparatus
pipette<< ans Name this piece of apparatus
they are all soluble<< ans What is true about common sodium, potassium and ammonium salts?
true<< ans True or false: all nitrates are soluble
, false: common chlorides are soluble except those of silver and lead<< ans True or false: all
chlorides are soluble
silver and lead<< ans Give 2 examples of metals that form insoluble chlorides
false: common sulfates are soluble except those of lead, barium and calcium<< ans True or false:
all sulfates are soluble
lead, barium and calcium<< ans Give 3 examples of metals that form insoluble sulfates
false: common carbonates and hydroxides are insoluble except those of sodium, potassium and
ammonium<< ans True or false: all carbonates are soluble
sodium, potassium and ammonium<< ans Give 3 examples of cations that form soluble
carbonates
ionic compounds in the molten state or dissolved in water<< ans What are electrolytes?
a process in which electrical energy, from a direct current supply, decomposes electrolytes<< ans
What is electrolysis?
a positively charged ion<< ans What is a cation?
a negatively charged ion<< ans What is a anion?
a negatively charged electrode<< ans What is a cathode?
a positively charged electrode<< ans What is a anode?
the negatively charged cathode<< ans Where do cations move to in electrolysis?
the positively charged anode<< ans Where do anions move to in electrolysis?
copper and oxygen<< ans What are the products of the electrolysis of copper chloride solution?
hydrogen and chlorine<< ans What are the products of the electrolysis of sodium chloride
solution?
hydrogen and oxygen<< ans What are the products of the electrolysis of sodium sulfate solution?
oxygen and hydrogen<< ans What are the products of the electrolysis of water acidified with
sulfuric acid?
lead and bromine<< ans What are the products of the electrolysis of molten lead bromide?
loss of electrons<< ans What is oxidation?
gain of electrons<< ans What is reduction?
at the cathode<< ans Where does reduction occur during electrolysis?
at the anode<< ans Where does oxidation occur during electrolysis?
oxygen and copper<< ans What are the products of the electrolysis of copper sulfate solution?
pH meter<< ans Give the term being defined: Electronic device used to measure the pH of a
solution.
potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, aluminium, (carbon), zinc, iron, (hydrogen), copper,
silver, gold<< ans Give the reactivity series (from most to least reactive)
the Earth's crust<< ans Where are most metals are extracted from ores found?
in the Earth's crust as the uncombined elements<< ans Where and how are unreactive metals
found?
the gain of oxygen<< ans What is oxidation?
the loss of oxygen<< ans What is reduction?
they are reduced<< ans What happens to ores when metals are extracted from them?
heating with carbon and electrolysis<< ans Give 2 methods of extracting metals from their ores
the position of the metal in the reactivity series and the cost of the extraction process<< ans
Which 2 factors affect which method is chosen to extract a metal?
bacterial and phytoextraction<< ans Name 2 biological methods of metal extraction
economic implications, preservation of both the
