Bio 117 Test 3

A delicate, double- layered serous membrane, called the _______, covers the surface of each lung. - Answer- pleura Which structure does not enter the lung at the hilum? - Answer- the pleaura Where does gas exchange occur? - Answer- alveoli Gases are exchanged across the walls of the pulmonary _______ in the lungs, and the oxygen content of the blood rises. - Answer- capillaries Relaxation of smooth muscle in the bronchioles during exercise causes ________, whereas allergic reactions and histamines cause _______. - Answer- bronchodilation, bronchoconstruction All of the following are lower respiratory structures except - Answer- the pharynx The trachea is a cartilaginous and membranous tube extending from the lower part of the ______ to the upper border of the ______ vertebra. - Answer- larynx, T05 What reduces the tension of the alveoli and allows them to maintain their shape? - Answer- surfactant in alveolar fluid Deoxygenated blood is pumped from the heart's right ventricle and enters the lungs via pulmonary ________, and oxygenated blood drains through the pulmonary ________ to the left atrium. - Answer- arteries, veins How many alveoli exist in each lung? - Answer- hundreds of millions The vocal folds and vestibular folds are controlled by the - Answer- posterior and lateral cricoarytenoid muscles All of the following are nasal cartilages except - Answer- ethmoid cartilage The vocal cartilages include the paired ________ and _________ cartilages. - Answer- arytenoid, corniculate What is the primary function of the vestibular folds? - Answer- they assist in closing the glottis during swallowing