NC EMT -Basic Exam Questions and Answe rs With Complete Solution After administering 0.3 mg of epinephrine via auto -injector to a 22 -year-old female with an allergic reaction, you note improvement in her breathing and dissipation of her hives. However, she is still anxious and tachycardic. You should: A. contact medical control and obtain authorization to administer another 0.3 mg of epinephrine. B. transport her rapidly, as it is obvious that she is having a severe reaction to the epinephrine. C. monitor her closely but recall that anxiety and tachycardia are side effec ts of epinephrine. D. consider administering 0.15 mg of epinephrine to completely resolve her allergic reaction. - C. monitor her closely but recall that anxiety and tachycardia are side effects of epinephrine While auscultating breath sounds of a patient who was stung multiple times by a yellow jacket, you hear bilateral wheezing over all lung fields. This indicates: A. rapid swelling of the upper airway tissues. B. a significant amount of fluid in the alveoli. C. narrowing of the bronchioles in the lungs . D. enlargement of the bronchioles in the lungs. - C. narrowing of the bronchioles in the lungs. You are assessing a young male who was stung on the leg by a scorpion. He is conscious and alert, his breathing is regular and unlabored, and his blood press ure is 122/64 mm Hg. Assessment of his leg reveals a wheal surrounded by an area of redness. He states that he had a "bad reaction" the last time he was stung by a scorpion, and carries his own epinephrine auto -
injector. You should: A. apply high -flow oxyg en, apply a chemical cold pack directly to the injection site, and transport at once. B. apply high -flow oxygen, obtain approval from medical control to assist him with his epinephrine, and transport. C. assess his ABCs and vital signs in 15 minutes and al low him to drive himself to the hospital if he remains stable. D. apply oxygen as needed, clean the area with soap and water or a mild antiseptic, and transport him to the hospital. - D. apply oxygen as needed, clean the area with soap and water or a mild antiseptic, and transport him to the hospital. Chemicals that are responsible for the signs and symptoms of an allergic reaction to a bee sting include: A. the bee venom itself. B. adrenaline and histamines. C. leukocytes and epinephrine. D. histamines an d leukotrienes. - D. histamines and leukotrienes. A 48 -year-old male is found unconscious in the garden by his wife. When you arrive at the scene and assess the man, you find that he is unresponsive, has severely labored breathing, and has hives over his entire trunk. You should: A. perform a detailed se condary assessment. B. maintain his airway and assist his ventilations. C. ask his wife if he has any known allergies. D. apply the automated external defibrillator (AED) in the event that cardiac arrest occurs. - B. maintain his airway and assist his v entilations. You have administered one dose of epinephrine to a 40 -year-old female to treat an allergic reaction that she developed after being stung by a scorpion. Your reassessment reveals that she is still having difficulty breathing, has a decreasing mental status, and has a blood pressure of 80/50 mm Hg. You should: A. monitor her en route to the hospital and call medical control if she worsens. B. crush up an antihistamine tablet and place it in between her cheek and gum. C. request permission from m edical control to give another dose of epinephrine. D. administer a nebulized bronchodilator to improve the status of her breathing. - C. request permission from medical control to give another dose of epinephrine The two MOST common signs of anaphylaxis are: A. wheezing and widespread urticaria. B. watery eyes and localized itching. C. expiratory stridor and tachycardia. D. hypertension and swollen hands. - A. wheezing and widespread urticaria. The foreign substance responsible for causing an allergic re action is called a(n): A. allergen. B. antibody. C. histamine. D. leukotriene. - A. allergen. A 73 -year-old man presents with a generalized rash, which he thinks may have been caused by an antibiotic that he recently began taking. He has a history of coronary artery disease, hypertension, and emphysema. He is conscious and alert, his blood pressure is 144/94 mm Hg, and his pulse is 64 beats/min and regular. You auscultate his breath sounds and hear scattered wheezing, although he is not experiencing respiratory distress. In addition to administering oxygen, you should: A. contact medical control if needed, transport the patient, and monitor him for signs of deterioration. B. ask him if he has epinephrine and request approval from medical control to administer it to the patient. C. avoid the use of epinephrine because of his cardiac history, even if h is symptoms become severe.
injector. You should: A. apply high -flow oxyg en, apply a chemical cold pack directly to the injection site, and transport at once. B. apply high -flow oxygen, obtain approval from medical control to assist him with his epinephrine, and transport. C. assess his ABCs and vital signs in 15 minutes and al low him to drive himself to the hospital if he remains stable. D. apply oxygen as needed, clean the area with soap and water or a mild antiseptic, and transport him to the hospital. - D. apply oxygen as needed, clean the area with soap and water or a mild antiseptic, and transport him to the hospital. Chemicals that are responsible for the signs and symptoms of an allergic reaction to a bee sting include: A. the bee venom itself. B. adrenaline and histamines. C. leukocytes and epinephrine. D. histamines an d leukotrienes. - D. histamines and leukotrienes. A 48 -year-old male is found unconscious in the garden by his wife. When you arrive at the scene and assess the man, you find that he is unresponsive, has severely labored breathing, and has hives over his entire trunk. You should: A. perform a detailed se condary assessment. B. maintain his airway and assist his ventilations. C. ask his wife if he has any known allergies. D. apply the automated external defibrillator (AED) in the event that cardiac arrest occurs. - B. maintain his airway and assist his v entilations. You have administered one dose of epinephrine to a 40 -year-old female to treat an allergic reaction that she developed after being stung by a scorpion. Your reassessment reveals that she is still having difficulty breathing, has a decreasing mental status, and has a blood pressure of 80/50 mm Hg. You should: A. monitor her en route to the hospital and call medical control if she worsens. B. crush up an antihistamine tablet and place it in between her cheek and gum. C. request permission from m edical control to give another dose of epinephrine. D. administer a nebulized bronchodilator to improve the status of her breathing. - C. request permission from medical control to give another dose of epinephrine The two MOST common signs of anaphylaxis are: A. wheezing and widespread urticaria. B. watery eyes and localized itching. C. expiratory stridor and tachycardia. D. hypertension and swollen hands. - A. wheezing and widespread urticaria. The foreign substance responsible for causing an allergic re action is called a(n): A. allergen. B. antibody. C. histamine. D. leukotriene. - A. allergen. A 73 -year-old man presents with a generalized rash, which he thinks may have been caused by an antibiotic that he recently began taking. He has a history of coronary artery disease, hypertension, and emphysema. He is conscious and alert, his blood pressure is 144/94 mm Hg, and his pulse is 64 beats/min and regular. You auscultate his breath sounds and hear scattered wheezing, although he is not experiencing respiratory distress. In addition to administering oxygen, you should: A. contact medical control if needed, transport the patient, and monitor him for signs of deterioration. B. ask him if he has epinephrine and request approval from medical control to administer it to the patient. C. avoid the use of epinephrine because of his cardiac history, even if h is symptoms become severe.
