Certified Professional In Accessibility Core

Speech Disabilities (3 examples) - CORRECT ANSWER- stuttering, mutism, cluttering, apraxia, dysarthria, speech sound disorder What are some causes of speech disabilities? - CORRECT ANSWER- autism, TBI, stroke, oral cancer What is the most common mental illness? - CORRECT ANSWER- anxiety disorders What are 2 examples of personality disorders - CORRECT ANSWER- antisocial, borderline Name 3 eating disorders - CORRECT ANSWER- anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating Most common type of disability - CORRECT ANSWER- Cognitive Name and describe a theoretical model of disability aside from the medical and social models - CORRECT ANSWER- functional solutions, social identity/cultural affiliation, charity/tragedy, religious/moral, affirmation, sociopolitical Legal definition of blindness? - CORRECT ANSWER- 20/200 with corrective lenses OR 20 degrees field of vision in best eye What are some accommodations for deaf blindness - CORRECT ANSWER- screen reader to Braille display, transcripts converted to refreshable braille Name some strengths of the medical model of disability - CORRECT ANSWER- used in legal definition. used to determine treatment and government assistance. Name some weaknesses of the social model of disability - CORRECT ANSWER- de- emphasizes the physical reality. forgets that disability is part of one's identity. owning the disability can be healthier psychologically. Name some causes of seizure disorder disability - CORRECT ANSWER- dehydration, sleep deprivation, infections, fevers, flashing lights Name two positive experiences of schizophrenia - CORRECT ANSWER- hallucinations, delusions What percentage of blind Americans can read Braille? - CORRECT ANSWER- less than 10% When a person with a disability has an aide, what is the proper etiquette when communicating. - CORRECT ANSWER- Speak directly to the person with the disability How many people in the world have a disability? - CORRECT ANSWER- 700 million to 1.4 billion or 10 to 20% of the population Why is the percentage or people with disabilities increasing? - CORRECT ANSWER- Aging, increase in chronic illness What factors influence the percentage of the population having a disability? - CORRECT ANSWER- poverty, war injuries, aging population What factors influence the numbers represented in reports of disabled population - CORRECT ANSWER- political bias (perception), self-reporting vs. observation, purpose of reports (govt. benefits, stigma, etc.) What are the 5 main models of disability? - CORRECT ANSWER- 1. Medical Model 2. Social Model 3. Functional Solutions Model 4. Social Identity Model 5. Charity/Tragedy Model Medical Model of Disability definition - CORRECT ANSWER- The model defines disability in terms of biological impairments. Disability is viewed as a problem that is caused by medically-diagnosed condition Medical Model Strengths and Weaknesses - CORRECT ANSWER- Strengths: -helps define medical diagnoses and treatment -helps define who receives government assistance Weaknesses: - frequently criticized model -focusing on biology of person overlooks impact of design decisions in social environment - makes disability a characteristic of the person, essentially labeling and stigmatizing person as less than -people who do not fit within clearly defined definition may be denied benefits they need Social Model Definition - CORRECT ANSWER- The model says that society creates disabling conditions and that disability is an avoidable condition caused by poor design Social Model Strengths and Weaknesses - CORRECT ANSWER- Strengths: -empowers people with disabilities -expects that society will create inclusive environments -empowers designers to think about usability for all people Weaknesses: -some say that the model de-emphasizes the physical reality of disability too much -model doesn't allow people to accept and own their disability Functional Solutions Model - CORRECT ANSWER- Model focuses on applying innovative solutions to overcome the limitations created by disabilities. Models approach is used by accessibility professionals Functional Solutions Model Strengths and Weaknesses - CORRECT ANSWER- Strengths: -emphasizes creating accessible environments and getting things done instead of focusing on theory Weaknesses: -sometimes people focus so much on the solution that they miss the opportunity to address larger social context. - addressing larger social context can make a solution obsolete Social Identity Model - CORRECT ANSWER- This model says people with disabilities can develop a sense of personal identity from the shared experiences people with disabilities have. These people develop a sense of culture based on the shared experiences. Example: Deaf Culture Social Identity Model Strengths and Weaknesses - CORRECT ANSWER- Strengths: - definition helps empower and accept people with disabilities -forming alliances/social groups means more political power Weaknesses: - doesn't serve as good technical definition of disability, bc people with different types of disabilities mingle - strongly identifying with other people with disabilities could be a result from being excluded from rest of society Charity/Tragedy Model - CORRECT ANSWER- Model defines disability as a tragedy or unfortunate condition worthy of special treatment. People take pity on people with disabilities and set up charity events to try and improve conditions of disabled person Charity/Tragedy Model Strengths and Weaknesses - CORRECT ANSWER- Strengths: -Model can make people without disabilities more empathetic towards people with disabilities and make them genuinely want to help Weakness: -Model creates unequal social and political relationships between people, which can slow down progress for people with disabilities as a whole Which of the following is true about the medical model of disability? A. The medical model of disability looks to eliminate barriers and limitations through innovative solutions. B. The medical model of disability views people with disabilities as victims of their conditions and pities them. C. The medical model of disability focuses solely on the biological aspects of disability. D. The medical model of disability takes into account the impact of a person's physical environment. - CORRECT ANSWER- C. The medical model of disability focuses solely on the biological aspects of disability Which model of disability argues that disability is more of a result of inaccessible environments? A. Social model B. Functional Solutions model C. Social Identity model D. Charity/Tragedy model - CORRECT ANSWER- A. Social Model A weakness of the social identity/cultural affiliation of disability model is: A. It could be patronizing towards people with disabilities. B. It may be a result of people with disabilities feeling excluded from society. C. It places less emphasis on the physical aspects of disability. D. It places too much emphasis on finding a cure for disabilities. - CORRECT ANSWER- B. It may be a result of people with disabilities feeling excluded from society. A strength of the functional solutions model is: A. It recognizes the biological limitations of individuals with disabilities and seeks to treat those limitations. B. It acknowledges that society that can be more welcoming and inclusive. C. It brings together people with disabilities who share common life experiences. D. It looks for realistic, beneficial solutions through creativity and innovation. - CORRECT ANSWER- D. It looks for realistic, beneficial solutions through creativity and innovation. Which models align most closely with the principles of accessibility and universal design? - CORRECT ANSWER- Social Model Legal definition of blindness - CORRECT ANSWER- Person with 20/200 vision with corrective lenses or who has a field of vision of 20 degrees What Assistive Technologies exist for blind people? - CORRECT ANSWER- Screen readers What 3 solutions/AT exist for blind people who cannot see digital or electronic interfaces? - CORRECT ANSWER- 1. Screen readers - if theyve been designed correctly 2. Self-voicing interfaces and applications that communicate to users - more appropriate for broadcasting information, because they usually do not interact with the interface or content as screen readers do. 3. Refreshable Braille output devices - use screen readers to convert digital text to Braille. typically expensive and only a minority of blind people read braille