Hondros NUR 176 Test 2, Nur 176 Exam 2 With Complete Solutions

ARF Causes - ANSWER-Hemorrhage, trauma, infection, decreased cardiac output, medications ARF S/S - ANSWER-mimics dehydration s/s, anorexia, h/a, edema, vomiting, nausea, lethargy, Malignan hypertension - ANSWER-Is the most severe S/S of Malignant hypertension - ANSWER-- Diastolic >120 - Blurred vision - Severe h/a - High cholesterol - Dyspnea - History of hypertension Beta blockers - ANSWER-medication used to treat several different types of conditions, including hypertension (high blood pressure), angina, some abnormal heart rhythms, heart attack (myocardial infarction) Beta blockers actions - ANSWER-Decreases BP and HR blocking epinephrine and nonepinephrine Side effects of Beta blockers - ANSWER-SOB (asthma like symptoms) Weakness Dry mouth Dizziness H/A Upset stomach Common Beta blockers - ANSWER-Metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol-XL) Propranolol (Inderal LA, InnoPran XL) Atenolol (Tenormin) - ANSWER-Medication for MI Digoxin (Lanoxin, Digox) - ANSWER-medication used for heart failure (hf) Nursing consideration for Digoxin - ANSWER-assess hr, if it's <60 hold the medicine and call doctor Nitroglycerin - ANSWER-opens blood vessels, is used for chest pain (antiangina) Administration of glycerin - ANSWER-Sublingual, 1 pill q5min, maximum of three pills, if pain continues call doctor, possible HA PTCA - ANSWER-Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplastic Pt teaching before PTCA - ANSWER-- Explain procedure: a balloon is inflated to reduce the constriction in the artery - Contrast is used, normally in femoral - Pt is gonna feel a flush/warm everywhere when contrast is injected - Pt should lay flat - Pt will be sedated but awake - Pt should sign Informed consent for PTCA and a future CABG (Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting) S/S of left heart failure - ANSWER-Lungs (Respiratory problems) Dyspnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, cough, frothy-blood-tinged sputum, orthopnea, pulmonary crackles, radiographic evidence of pulmonary vascular congestion with pleura effusion S/S of right heart failure - ANSWER-Body (everything not related to lungs) Distended jugular veins, anorexia, nausea, abdominal distention, liver enlargement, ascites (peritoneal edema), edema in feet, ankles, sacrum Test for heart failure - ANSWER-- CXR - BNP (Brain Natriuretic Peptide) Cardiac rehabilitation orders - ANSWER-- Low Na+ diet - Lifestyle education (all that pt is doing wrong and have to correct) - Use of medications (Metoprolol -Lopresol - Exercise Non-pharmacological treatment for hypertension - ANSWER-- Diet (low Na+, low fat, high K+, CA+, and Mg+) fruits and vegetables - Moderate aerobic exercises (walk 20 min/day/3 times/wk High Blood Pressure - ANSWER->140/90, is called the silent killer because it doesn't show symptoms until is tissue damage S/S of high blood pressure - ANSWER-- Blurred vision - Unexplained nose bleeding S/S of MI for males - ANSWER-- Heavy severe chest pain, usually radiates to left arm, neck, jaw