Nutrition 121 Final Exam

NUTRITION 121 FINAL EXAM How much of a healthy adult is composed of fluids? - 50-70% What are electrolytes? - Mineral salts dissolved in Water Fluids help maintain your body temp - This is True Why do fluids help maintain your body temp? - Water has a high heat capacity- the temp of the body fluid remains stable. While sweating releases heat What is another function of fluid in the body? - Protects and lubricates body tissues What are the functions of water? - Essential for life and required for fluid and electrolyte balance and many metabolic reactions. What is collagen? - Fibrous protein found in bone tissue what are the three processes of bone development? - Bone growth, bone remolding and bone remolding throughout your life What hormone is released when calcium levels are low? - Parathyroid hormone PTH What are the sources of Calcium? - Green leafy Vegetables and Dairy Products What is hypoglycemia caused by? - Kidney Disease or Vitamin D deficiency What do neural tube defects relate to? - inadequate intake of folate What are teratogens? - Substances that cause birth defects (Alcohol, drugs and mercury) What thing can a low birth weight baby experience due to an under nourished mother? - Increased risk of infections, learning disabilities, impaired physical development or death in the first year What is the recommended weight gain for woman who i was overweight prior to being pregnant? - 15-25 pounds How many additional calories does a pregnant woman need per day? - 300-450 k/cals per day What can diabetes lead to? - Blindness, seizures, stroke, kidney failure, nerve disease, and cardiovascular disease type 2 diabetes is an auto immune disease. - True What is the most common trigger of type 2 diabetes? - Obesity- a combo of poor eating and lack of physical activity What are the symptoms of b12 deficiency? - Low energy, anemia, shortness of breath and pernicious anemia. What is the function of Iodine in the body? - Critical for synthesis of thyroid hormones, which regulate body temp and growth of resting metabolic rates Vitamin K is a water soluble vitamin- - FALSE Symptoms of Iron Toxicity? - Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea, dizziness, confusion and delayed treatment can cause sever damage to the heart, central nervous system, liver, and kidneys