NR 566 Midterm Study Guide Questions with Correct Answers.

Common CAP pathogens Correct Answer S. Pneumoniae (most common) H. Influenzae (smokers/COPD) P. Aeruginosa (CF) CAP first line treatment Correct Answer Macrolides, Doxycyline, Amoxicillin what to give if 1st CAP treatment doesn't work? Correct Answer Respiratory Fluoroquinolone if not received abx in the past 3 months Mycoplasma pneumoniae Correct Answer atypical pneumonia; commonly seen in children pediatric atypical pneumonia treatment Correct Answer Macrolides (Erythromycin), if failed then Respiratory fluoroquinolone CAP treatment during pregnancy Correct Answer Amoxicillin, cephalosporins, or Erythromycin Treatment of chlamydial pneumonia in infant Correct Answer Macrolide (Azithromycin): 500mg orally on day 1 followed by 250 mg once daily on days 2-5 When to use broad/empiric spectrum antibiotics? Correct Answer Before cultures are resulted/ critically ill patient after first culture obtained, based on NP knowledge of patient history, local susceptibility/geographic location When to use narrow spectrum antibiotics? Correct Answer Used when the culture and sensitivity is resulted, and pathogen is known. how to treat C.diff Correct Answer Stop the antibiotic that may have caused it 1st: Vancomycin 125 mg PO QID x 10 days. 2nd: Metronidazole 500mg PO TID x 10 days address hydration Drug class known for ALL drugs in class to promote development of C. Diff Correct Answer 2nd and 3rd generation Cephalosporins Penicillin: Cross-sensitivity reactions with which drug classes Correct Answer Cephalosporins & Carbapenems