AANP FNP Exam Prep with complete Solutions | Latest 2023/2024

AANP FNP Exam Prep with complete Solutions | Latest 2023/2024 Malignant Melanoma -has variable pigmentation -sunscreen does not reduce the risk for this cancer -asymmetry with nonmatching sides -color is not uniform -recently formed lesion -history of blistering sunburn -consult with skin cancer expert Basal Cell Carcinoma -painless, pearly, ulcerated nodule with overlying telangiectasis -found on sun areas Squamous Cell Carcinoma -found on sun areas -nodular, opaque lesion -nondistinct borders Actinic Keratoses -slightly rough, pink or flesh-colored lesion in sun-exposed area -pharmacological treatment: 5-fluorouracil (topical chemotherapy) -non-pharmacological treatment: chemical peel, cryotherapy, laser resurfacing Anaphylaxis -upper airway edema -itch without rash -dizziness with syncope Dermographism -hive-form linear lesions that develop over areas where a patient has scratched Uticaria -eosinophilia Verruca Vulgaris Lesion ("warts") -caused by HPV types 1, 2, and 4 -passed thru direct person-to-person contact -over 12 to 24 month period, most of all lesions will disappear without treatment Immunomodulator Non-Dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blocker (-zem, -mil, -dil) I. Preparations A. Diltiazem B. Verapamil C. Bepridil II. Mechanism A. Relaxes myocardial muslce Epicondylitis ("tennis elbow") Optic Atrophy Flexural Psoriasis The preceding drugs are typically used in treating the following: - Campylobacter jejuni: Erythromycin - Salmonella: Ampicillin - Shigella: Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole - Giardia lamblia: Metronidazole The preceding screening tests are used to confirm or refute hypertension due to the following: 1. CT angiography - Coarctation of the aorta 2. 24-hour urinary mentanephrine and normetanephrine - Pheochromocytoma 3. Doppler flow study; magnetic resonance angiography - Renovascular hypertension 4. Estimated GFR - Chronic kidney disease Dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blocker (-pine) I. Preparations A. Nifedipine (Procardia) B. Amlodipine (Norvasc) 1. Dosing a. 2.5-5mg PO qd (MAX 10mg qd) 2. Advantages a. Does not exacerbate Left Ventricular Dysfunction C. Clevidipine D. Felodipine E. Nicardipine 1. Counters Cerebral Vessel spasm (e.g. early Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, CVA) F. Nimodipine 1. Counters Cerebral Vessel spasm (e.g. early Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, CVA) II. Adverse Effects: Peripheral Edema (Norvasc) A. Occurs more commonly in women B. Occurs more commonly on Norvasc doses >5 mg C. Adding ACE Inhibitor to regimen decreases edema III. Contraindications A. Avoid in Diabetes Mellitus (may increase Proteinuria)