CEFS 671
QUIZ: VERSION 1 – INTEGRATION STUDY GUIDE
(Students who have taken 506 Summer 2020 and prior)
The purpose of this study guide is to assist you in preparing for taking the 20-question
“Integration” section of your comprehensive exam. This guide covers all 60 questions in the
“Integration” exam pool. So, you would be wise to answer each item and study your answers
well. In fact, we highly recommend that you even memorize much of the information you find.
Our hope is that by using this study guide, you will greatly increase your chances of passing the
exam. Questions from Entwistle’s Integrative Approaches to Psychology and Christianity (3rd
Edition) and McMinn’s Psychology, Theology, and Spirituality in Christian Counseling (Rev.
Ed).
1. What does McMinn believe Christian counseling should primarily focus on?
- Empirically validated Christian counseling model of personality, mental health, and therapy
- Intradisciplinary integration and informed consent. According to McMinn, this foundational
competence for integration is insufficiently emphasized in most Christian counseling
program
2. According to Entwistle, what does the Enemies model of integration
(Christian Combatants subtype) assert?
Christians opposed to any integration of scientific and philosophical psychology with Christian
counseling.
- Scripture stands above creation as an area for exploration and learning
- Religion and psychology are not related and should address their own issues
- psychology is the enemy of Christianity
- Psychology and religion (Christianity) are fundamentally incompatible.
- Rejection and Eradication.
- Nouthetic Counseling—people are not sick but sinful, the use of psychology is idolatrous,
the care of the soul belongs solely to the church, Scripture is sufficient for all psychological
needs. VS Jay Adams
- Mixing psychology and the theology is heretical reaction against anti-religious sentiment of
some psychologists
3. According to Entwistle, what does the Enemies model of integration (Secular
Combatants subtype) assert? Pg. 192,195
- Religious worldview cannot achieve its end; it is an enemy to scientific development.
- religion is the enemy of psychology
- Scientific thinking is incompatible with religious belief
o A secular combatant believes in psychology and science but rejects Christianity
Freud, Ellis and famous atheists (Freud; religion I neurosis, mechanistic physiology,
human rationality, scientific method)
o Religion is infantile need that can be supplanted by science and truth
4. According to Entwistle, what does the Neutral Parties model (also known as the Levels
of Explanation model) assert? Pg. 181
- There can be no actual conflict between faith and psychology because they occupy distinct
and non-interacting spheres
Page 1 of 10
, CEFS 671
- psychology and theology are completely independent disciplines; However there may be
parallels between the findings of psychology and theology.
1. Live and let live
2. Levels of Explanation Model
3. Parallels Model
4. Pastors handle spiritual problems and mental health professionals handle emotional
problems
5. Religious or Christian commitments of these scientists/counselors are compartmentalized
- Physiological neutrality: a person committed to profession of psychology simultaneously
holds religious but not necessarily Christian beliefs
- Psychology and theology are distinct disciplines- lacks committed to Christian orthodoxy
and is simply spiritual or religious
- Christian neutrality: a person committed to the profession of psychology simultaneously
holds specifically Christian beliefs
5. According to Entwistle, what does the Allies model assert? Pg. 184
- God is the author of all truth and all things are "by him, for him" and "hold together" in
Him
- All truth is God’s Truth
- The integration of psychology and Christianity is a multifaceted attempt to discern the
underlying truths about the nature and functioning of human beings from the unique
vantage points of psychology (in its various sub-disciplines, utilizing diverse
methodologies.
6. Which of the following BEST describes McMinn’s view of the relationship
between Christian counseling models and the scientific method?
- theories of counseling should be enhanced or modified by our Christian values
- Christian counseling models need empirical investigation to evaluate them
1. Christian counselors act as if their methods are validated or they don't need to be.
2. This view is dangerous and alienates Christian counselors from their colleagues.
3. To be understood, we must use language of science
4. Must scientifically demonstrate their unique interventions and their effectiveness
5. Research Evidence for Christian techniques is sparse/needs to be validated
7. What is one difference between Entwistle’s Spies model and his Colonialists model?
- Spies: Psychological content from a religious system is extracted for mental health
purposes. No allegiance or loose (liberal) allegiance is made to the core theology of the
religion is present. Or, conservative theology is present but not fully expounded on. More
emphasis on the psychological (self esteem, etc.) or financial benefit than doctrine.
- Colonialists: Borrow selective findings from psychology, Adhere to conservative/orthodox
theology, Little interaction with psychological research methodologies, Research findings
extracted or rejected contingent on the purposes of the colonialist
o Colonialist paradigm involves selectively including rejecting and re-labeling
psychological finding to reflect the theological perspective of the model builder
o colonialist sees psychology as valuable, it is foreign soil that he has not worked
8. Which of Entwistle’s models emphasizes God’s Word over God’s Works? Pg. 177
Page 2 of 10
QUIZ: VERSION 1 – INTEGRATION STUDY GUIDE
(Students who have taken 506 Summer 2020 and prior)
The purpose of this study guide is to assist you in preparing for taking the 20-question
“Integration” section of your comprehensive exam. This guide covers all 60 questions in the
“Integration” exam pool. So, you would be wise to answer each item and study your answers
well. In fact, we highly recommend that you even memorize much of the information you find.
Our hope is that by using this study guide, you will greatly increase your chances of passing the
exam. Questions from Entwistle’s Integrative Approaches to Psychology and Christianity (3rd
Edition) and McMinn’s Psychology, Theology, and Spirituality in Christian Counseling (Rev.
Ed).
1. What does McMinn believe Christian counseling should primarily focus on?
- Empirically validated Christian counseling model of personality, mental health, and therapy
- Intradisciplinary integration and informed consent. According to McMinn, this foundational
competence for integration is insufficiently emphasized in most Christian counseling
program
2. According to Entwistle, what does the Enemies model of integration
(Christian Combatants subtype) assert?
Christians opposed to any integration of scientific and philosophical psychology with Christian
counseling.
- Scripture stands above creation as an area for exploration and learning
- Religion and psychology are not related and should address their own issues
- psychology is the enemy of Christianity
- Psychology and religion (Christianity) are fundamentally incompatible.
- Rejection and Eradication.
- Nouthetic Counseling—people are not sick but sinful, the use of psychology is idolatrous,
the care of the soul belongs solely to the church, Scripture is sufficient for all psychological
needs. VS Jay Adams
- Mixing psychology and the theology is heretical reaction against anti-religious sentiment of
some psychologists
3. According to Entwistle, what does the Enemies model of integration (Secular
Combatants subtype) assert? Pg. 192,195
- Religious worldview cannot achieve its end; it is an enemy to scientific development.
- religion is the enemy of psychology
- Scientific thinking is incompatible with religious belief
o A secular combatant believes in psychology and science but rejects Christianity
Freud, Ellis and famous atheists (Freud; religion I neurosis, mechanistic physiology,
human rationality, scientific method)
o Religion is infantile need that can be supplanted by science and truth
4. According to Entwistle, what does the Neutral Parties model (also known as the Levels
of Explanation model) assert? Pg. 181
- There can be no actual conflict between faith and psychology because they occupy distinct
and non-interacting spheres
Page 1 of 10
, CEFS 671
- psychology and theology are completely independent disciplines; However there may be
parallels between the findings of psychology and theology.
1. Live and let live
2. Levels of Explanation Model
3. Parallels Model
4. Pastors handle spiritual problems and mental health professionals handle emotional
problems
5. Religious or Christian commitments of these scientists/counselors are compartmentalized
- Physiological neutrality: a person committed to profession of psychology simultaneously
holds religious but not necessarily Christian beliefs
- Psychology and theology are distinct disciplines- lacks committed to Christian orthodoxy
and is simply spiritual or religious
- Christian neutrality: a person committed to the profession of psychology simultaneously
holds specifically Christian beliefs
5. According to Entwistle, what does the Allies model assert? Pg. 184
- God is the author of all truth and all things are "by him, for him" and "hold together" in
Him
- All truth is God’s Truth
- The integration of psychology and Christianity is a multifaceted attempt to discern the
underlying truths about the nature and functioning of human beings from the unique
vantage points of psychology (in its various sub-disciplines, utilizing diverse
methodologies.
6. Which of the following BEST describes McMinn’s view of the relationship
between Christian counseling models and the scientific method?
- theories of counseling should be enhanced or modified by our Christian values
- Christian counseling models need empirical investigation to evaluate them
1. Christian counselors act as if their methods are validated or they don't need to be.
2. This view is dangerous and alienates Christian counselors from their colleagues.
3. To be understood, we must use language of science
4. Must scientifically demonstrate their unique interventions and their effectiveness
5. Research Evidence for Christian techniques is sparse/needs to be validated
7. What is one difference between Entwistle’s Spies model and his Colonialists model?
- Spies: Psychological content from a religious system is extracted for mental health
purposes. No allegiance or loose (liberal) allegiance is made to the core theology of the
religion is present. Or, conservative theology is present but not fully expounded on. More
emphasis on the psychological (self esteem, etc.) or financial benefit than doctrine.
- Colonialists: Borrow selective findings from psychology, Adhere to conservative/orthodox
theology, Little interaction with psychological research methodologies, Research findings
extracted or rejected contingent on the purposes of the colonialist
o Colonialist paradigm involves selectively including rejecting and re-labeling
psychological finding to reflect the theological perspective of the model builder
o colonialist sees psychology as valuable, it is foreign soil that he has not worked
8. Which of Entwistle’s models emphasizes God’s Word over God’s Works? Pg. 177
Page 2 of 10
