ATI RN PHARMACOLOGY/60
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (A+)
A nurse is instructing a client on the application of
nitroglycerin transdermal patches. Which of the
following statements by the client indicates an
understanding of the teaching?
a. "I should apply a patch every 5 mins if I develop chest
pain."
b. "I will take the patch off right after my evening meal."
c. "I will leave the patch off at least 1 day each week."
d. "I should discard the used patch by flushing it down
the toilet." - √Answer :b. "I will take the patch off right
after my evening meal."
-clients should remove the patch each evening for a
medication free time of 12-14 hr before applying a new
patch to avoid developing a tolerance to the
medication's effects
-nitroglycerin sublingual tablets are used to treat new
onset of angina pain. A client who uses sublingual
tablets should place one tablet under their tongue at the
onset of angina pain and continue taking a table every 5
min for a total of three doses of nitroglycerin. The effects
of a nitroglycerin patch will take 30-60 min to occur and
are not useful to prevent an ongoing angina attack
-nitroglycerin is an antianginal medication that results in
dilation of the coronary vessels. Clients should apply the
patch daily to sustain prophylaxis
-medication remains in the transdermal patch after
removing it from the body and must be discarded safely.
The nurse should instruct the client to fold the patch
ends together with the medication on the inside and
,place the discarded patch in a closed container so that
children and pets cannot gain access to the medication
Quiz :A nurse receives a verbal order from the provider
to administer morphine five milligrams every 4 hours
subcutaneously for severe pain as needed. The nurse
should identify which of the following entries as the
correct format for the medication administration record
(MAR)?
a. MSO4 5 mg subcut every 4 hr PRN severe pain
b. Morphine 5 mg subcut every 4 hr PRN severe pain
c. MSO4 5 mg SQ every 4 hr PRN severe pain
d. Morphine 5.0 mg subcutaneously every 4 hr PRN
severe pain - √Answer :b. Morphine 5 mg subcut every
4 hr PRN severe pain
-the medication name is spelled out and there are not
any abbreviations from The Joint Commission's "Do Not
Use" list included in the transcript
-the use of the abbreviation MSO4 is prohibited by The
Joint Commission. The medication name morphine must
be spelled out to reduce the risk for error
-SQ is prohibited by The Joint Commission; this route
should be written as subcut, subq, or subcutaneously
-the trailing zero on 5.0 can be mistaken for 50 if the
decimal point is missed
Quiz :A nurse is caring for a client who is taking
acetazolamide for chronic open-angle glaucoma. For
which of the following adverse effects should the nurse
instruct the client to monitor and report?
a. tingling of fingers
b. constipation
c. weight gain
,d. oliguria - √Answer :a. tingling of fingers
-the nurse should instruct the client to report the
adverse effect of paresthesia, a tingling sensation in the
extremities, when taking acetazolamide
-diarrhea is an adverse effect of acetazolamide due to
gastrointestinal disturbances
-weight loss is an adverse effect of acetazolamide due
to GI disturbances causing reduced appetite
-polyuria is an adverse effect of acetazolamide
Quiz :A nurse administers a dose of metformin to a
client instead of the prescribed dose of metoclopramide.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take
first?
a. report the incident to the charge nurse
b. notify the provider
c. check the client's blood glucose
d. fill our an incident report - √Answer :c. check the
client's blood glucose
-the first action the nurse should take using the nursing
process is to assess the client. The client is at risk for
hypoglycemia. The nurse should monitor the client's
blood glucose and provide the client with a snack to
reduce the risk of hypoglycemia
-the rest of these answers are also correct, but there is
another action the nurse should take first
Quiz :A nurse is caring for a client who has cancer and
is taking oral morphine and docusate sodium. The nurse
should instruct the client that taking the docusate
sodium daily can minimize which of the following
adverse effects of morphine?
a. constipation
, b. drowsiness
c. facial flushing
d. itching - √Answer :a. constipation
-constipation is a common adverse effect of morphine
that can be minimized by taking docusate sodium, a
stool softener that promotes easier evacuation of stool
by increasing water and fat in the intestines
Quiz :A nurse is assessing a client's vital signs prior to
the administration of PO digoxin. The client's BP is
144/86 mm Hg, heart rate is 55/min, and respiratory rate
is 20/min. The nurse should withhold the medication and
contact the provider for which of the following findings?
a. diastolic BP
b. systolic BP
c. heart rate
d. respiratory rate - √Answer :c. heart rate
-digoxin slows the conduction rate through the SA and
AV nodes, thereby decreasing the heart rate. The nurse
should withhold the medication and notify the provider
for a heart rate of 55/min because this is an early
indication of digoxin toxicity
-digoxin increased cardiac output and reduces the heart
rate, a diastolic BP of 86, systolic BP of 140, and
respiratory rate of 20/min is not cause for holding the
medication and contacting the provider
-
Quiz :A nurse is caring for a client who received 0.9%
sodium chloride 1 L over 4 hr instead over 8 hr as
prescribed. Which of the following information should
the nurse enter as a complete documentation of the
incident?
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (A+)
A nurse is instructing a client on the application of
nitroglycerin transdermal patches. Which of the
following statements by the client indicates an
understanding of the teaching?
a. "I should apply a patch every 5 mins if I develop chest
pain."
b. "I will take the patch off right after my evening meal."
c. "I will leave the patch off at least 1 day each week."
d. "I should discard the used patch by flushing it down
the toilet." - √Answer :b. "I will take the patch off right
after my evening meal."
-clients should remove the patch each evening for a
medication free time of 12-14 hr before applying a new
patch to avoid developing a tolerance to the
medication's effects
-nitroglycerin sublingual tablets are used to treat new
onset of angina pain. A client who uses sublingual
tablets should place one tablet under their tongue at the
onset of angina pain and continue taking a table every 5
min for a total of three doses of nitroglycerin. The effects
of a nitroglycerin patch will take 30-60 min to occur and
are not useful to prevent an ongoing angina attack
-nitroglycerin is an antianginal medication that results in
dilation of the coronary vessels. Clients should apply the
patch daily to sustain prophylaxis
-medication remains in the transdermal patch after
removing it from the body and must be discarded safely.
The nurse should instruct the client to fold the patch
ends together with the medication on the inside and
,place the discarded patch in a closed container so that
children and pets cannot gain access to the medication
Quiz :A nurse receives a verbal order from the provider
to administer morphine five milligrams every 4 hours
subcutaneously for severe pain as needed. The nurse
should identify which of the following entries as the
correct format for the medication administration record
(MAR)?
a. MSO4 5 mg subcut every 4 hr PRN severe pain
b. Morphine 5 mg subcut every 4 hr PRN severe pain
c. MSO4 5 mg SQ every 4 hr PRN severe pain
d. Morphine 5.0 mg subcutaneously every 4 hr PRN
severe pain - √Answer :b. Morphine 5 mg subcut every
4 hr PRN severe pain
-the medication name is spelled out and there are not
any abbreviations from The Joint Commission's "Do Not
Use" list included in the transcript
-the use of the abbreviation MSO4 is prohibited by The
Joint Commission. The medication name morphine must
be spelled out to reduce the risk for error
-SQ is prohibited by The Joint Commission; this route
should be written as subcut, subq, or subcutaneously
-the trailing zero on 5.0 can be mistaken for 50 if the
decimal point is missed
Quiz :A nurse is caring for a client who is taking
acetazolamide for chronic open-angle glaucoma. For
which of the following adverse effects should the nurse
instruct the client to monitor and report?
a. tingling of fingers
b. constipation
c. weight gain
,d. oliguria - √Answer :a. tingling of fingers
-the nurse should instruct the client to report the
adverse effect of paresthesia, a tingling sensation in the
extremities, when taking acetazolamide
-diarrhea is an adverse effect of acetazolamide due to
gastrointestinal disturbances
-weight loss is an adverse effect of acetazolamide due
to GI disturbances causing reduced appetite
-polyuria is an adverse effect of acetazolamide
Quiz :A nurse administers a dose of metformin to a
client instead of the prescribed dose of metoclopramide.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take
first?
a. report the incident to the charge nurse
b. notify the provider
c. check the client's blood glucose
d. fill our an incident report - √Answer :c. check the
client's blood glucose
-the first action the nurse should take using the nursing
process is to assess the client. The client is at risk for
hypoglycemia. The nurse should monitor the client's
blood glucose and provide the client with a snack to
reduce the risk of hypoglycemia
-the rest of these answers are also correct, but there is
another action the nurse should take first
Quiz :A nurse is caring for a client who has cancer and
is taking oral morphine and docusate sodium. The nurse
should instruct the client that taking the docusate
sodium daily can minimize which of the following
adverse effects of morphine?
a. constipation
, b. drowsiness
c. facial flushing
d. itching - √Answer :a. constipation
-constipation is a common adverse effect of morphine
that can be minimized by taking docusate sodium, a
stool softener that promotes easier evacuation of stool
by increasing water and fat in the intestines
Quiz :A nurse is assessing a client's vital signs prior to
the administration of PO digoxin. The client's BP is
144/86 mm Hg, heart rate is 55/min, and respiratory rate
is 20/min. The nurse should withhold the medication and
contact the provider for which of the following findings?
a. diastolic BP
b. systolic BP
c. heart rate
d. respiratory rate - √Answer :c. heart rate
-digoxin slows the conduction rate through the SA and
AV nodes, thereby decreasing the heart rate. The nurse
should withhold the medication and notify the provider
for a heart rate of 55/min because this is an early
indication of digoxin toxicity
-digoxin increased cardiac output and reduces the heart
rate, a diastolic BP of 86, systolic BP of 140, and
respiratory rate of 20/min is not cause for holding the
medication and contacting the provider
-
Quiz :A nurse is caring for a client who received 0.9%
sodium chloride 1 L over 4 hr instead over 8 hr as
prescribed. Which of the following information should
the nurse enter as a complete documentation of the
incident?
