Practice Test Questions and correct answers

Which of the following is not true regarding how action potentials trigger muscle contraction? A. acetylcholine binds to receptors on the membrane of the muscle fiber B. action potentials propagate into the muscles via T tubules C. calcium is released into the T tubules D. calcium binds to the troponin-tropomysis complex and the sarcomere contracts - correct answers C Which of the following is FALSE regarding fast muscle fibers? A. are white in color B. contain low myoglobin concentration C. Derive most ATP from glycolysis D. Derive most ATP from aerobic respiration - correct answers D Which of the following hormones is mismatched with its function? A. cortisol-long term stress B. ADH-electrolyte balance C. EPO-red blood cell production D. Epinephrine-short term stress E. Leptin-energy reserve - correct answers B Which of the following are some of the major endocrine glands? A. adrenal gland, hyoid gland, kidneys, ovaries B. adrenal medulla, hypothalamus, parathyroid glands, pituitary gland C. kidneys, pancreas, lacrimal glands D. kidneys, thalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland - correct answers B What type of response does epinephrine result in? A. sympathetic B. parasympathetic C. homeostasis D. negative feedback - correct answers A What is the correct order of the steps in oogenesis? A. oogoniumpolar body and primary oocytesecondary oocyte and polar bodyootid and polar bodiesmature ovum B. ootidprimary oocytesecondary oocyte and polar bodiesoogoium and polar bodiesmature ovum C. oogoniumprimary oocytesecondary oocyte and polar bodiesootid and polar bodiesmature ovum - correct answers C Which structure of the male reproductive system is mismatched with its function? A. scrotum-holds the testes B. epididymis-stores sperm C. vas deferens-expels semen out of body D. testes-produces sperm - correct answers C What cells are not involved in the innate immune system response? A. leukocytes B. lymphocytes C. mast cells D. neutrophils - correct answers B What is not a characteristic of the adaptive immune response? A. Variability B. Diversity C. Specificity D. Memory - correct answers A Which of the following is false regarding the cell-mediated response to eliminate infected cells? A. intracellular pathogens are eliminated via apoptosis B. Macrophages consume fragments of the infected cells C. T cells secrete pore-forming proteins into the infected cell D. Helper T cells bind to infected cells - correct answers D Which of the following type of vaccines contain viruses cultured in other species to render them harmless to humans? A. subunit vaccines B. inactivated viruses C. attenuated viruses D. all of the above - correct answers C Which of the following is not a difference between B cells and T cells? A. B cells bind to the antigen and produce antibodies whereas T cells recognize and kill host cells B. B cell and T cell receptors bind to the epitope on an antigen C. T cells are activated independently whereas B cells are activated by dendritic cells D. none of the above - correct answers C Which of the following is not true about the sliding filament model of muscle contraction? A. the sarcomere is made of thin filaments (actin) and thicker filaments (myosin) B. the thin and thick filaments overlap in the darker bands of the sarcomere C. the contraction of the muscle is dependent on how the sarcomeres shorten D. the thin and thick filaments slide past each other E. the lengths of the thick and thin filaments do not change - correct answers C What binds to troponin-tropomyosin complex, allowing actin to interact with myosin? A. ATP B. GTP C. Acetylcholine (ACh) D. GABA E. Phencyclidine - correct answers E Which of the following is not a main function of the skeletal system? A. protection B. maintenance of body posture C. transfer of muscle forces D. energy storage E. re-extension of shortened muscles - correct answers D What is the major component of the ECM in bone? A. calcium carbonate B. NaHCO3 C. CaPO4 D. protein fibers E. gelatinous polysaccharides - correct answers C Locomotion of land is dominated by what major forces? A. gravitational forces and drag B. gravitational and inertial forces C. inertial forces and drag D. inertial forces and lift E. gravitational forces and lift - correct answers B Which of the following chemical signal categories is mismatched with its description? A. neural signals-diffuse over very long distances between neurons B. autocrine signals-act on the same cell that secretes them C. paracrine signals-diffuse locally and act on nearby cells D. endocrine signals-horomones carried between cells by blood or other body fluids E. neuroendocrine signals-hormones are released from neurons - correct answers A What is the basis of connection between the CNS and the endocrine system in humans? A. the physical link between the adrenal glands and kidneys B. the hormonal link between the adrenal glands and pituitary C. the physical link between the thyroid and parathyroid D. the hormonal link between the hypothalamus and thyroid E. the physical link between the hypothalamus and pituitary gland - correct answers E I am a hormone and I regulate your long term stress response. Who am i? A. Aldosterone B. Leptin C. ADH D. Cortisol - correct answers D Which is a true statement? A. T cells are activated by interacting with MHC complexes B. Activated T cells produce more T cells to fight pathogens C. a and b - correct answers C Erythropoientin (EPO) is secreted by A. kidneys B. brain C. thyroid gland D. spleen - correct answers A