Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 2 Questions with Correct Solutions

Anatomical position - A human standing erect, face forward, with feet parallel and arms at the side, with palms facing forward. Prone position - The patient is laying face downward on the stomach. Supine position - The patient is laying face upward on the back. Trendelenburg - The head of the bed is lower than the patients feet. This position helps move secretions from various regions of the patient's lungs. Precautions must be taken due to the fact that it increases blood flow to the head and intracranial pressure increases. This position is contraindicated in patients with eye surgery or cerebral injuries or bleeding. Fowler's position - The patient is sitting in the bed with the head of the bed elevated 45 to 60 degrees. This position is often used in hospitals for bed ridden patients for eating, talking, or comfort. Superior - (Cranial or Cephalic) means toward the head or upper body. Inferior - (Caudal) means away from the head or toward the lower part of the body. Anterior - (Ventral) refers to body parts toward or on the front of the body. Posterior - (Dorsal) Refers to body parts toward or on the back of the body. Medial - Refers to the body parts located near the middle or midline of the body. Lateral - Refers to body parts located away from the midline or on the side. Proximal - Refers to the body parts close to a point of reference of the body. Distal - Refers to body parts away from the point of reference. External - means on the outside. Internal - refers to structures on the inside. Superficial - Means toward or at the body's surface. Deep - Means away from the body's surface. Central - Refers to locations near the center of the body (torso or head). Peripheral - Refers to the extremities (arms and legs) or the surrounding or outer regions of the body The bellybutton is on the ________ surface of the body. - Anterior The patient had a bump on the back _________ part of the body. - Posterior The nose is _______ to the eyes. - Medial The eyes are __________ to the nose. - Lateral The nose is ________ to the mouth. - Superior The mouth is _________ to the nose. - Inferior The recovery room is __________ to the operating room across the hall. - Proximal The fingers are _______ to the shoulders. - distal The _________ defibrillator is used on the outside of the chest. - external He received ________ injuries inside his body from the accident. - internal The cut was only ________ on his skin. - superficial The patient had _______ wounds from the chainsaw. - deep The patient had _______ chest pain. - central The patient had __________ swelling in the feet. - peripheral