OpenStax Microbiology Test Bank Chapter 10: Biochemistry of the Genome

OpenStax Microbiology Test Bank Chapter 10: Biochemistry of the Genome * = Correct answer Multiple Choice 1. Gregor Mendel conducted his revolutionary work on patterns of inheritance using which organism? A. fruit flies B. pea plants* C. roundworms D. snapdragons Difficulty: Easy ASM Standard: N/A 2. Which best describes true-breeding organisms? A. They are heterozygous at multiple loci. B. They have been produced through hybridization. C. They produce offspring identical to themselves when self-fertilized.* D. They produce offspring of the same species when self-fertilized. Difficulty: Easy ASM Standard: N/A 3. In a monohybrid cross, the first generation of offspring is called which of the following? A. dihybrid generation B. first filial generation* C. parental generation D. second filial generation Difficulty: Easy ASM Standard: N/A 4. When Mendel published his work, most people believed which of the following about inheritance? A. A fully formed, miniature human was transmitted from the father. B. Blending of traits from both parents produces the traits of the offspring.* C. Genes are transmitted in DNA. D. Information from the mother provides the entire blueprint for the offspring. Difficulty: Easy ASM Standard: N/A 5. A DNA nucleotide contains which of the following? A. a deoxyribose sugar and a nitrogenous base B. a deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base* C. a ribose sugar and a nitrogenous base D. a ribose sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base Difficulty: Easy ASM Standard: N/A 6. A nucleoside contains which of the following components? A. a phosphate and a base B. a phosphate and a sugar C. a sugar and a base* D. a sugar, a phosphate, and a base Difficulty: Easy ASM Standard: N/A 7. Which of the following is a name for nitrogenous bases with a double-ring structure? A. nucleosides B. nucleotides C. purines* D. pyrimidines Difficulty: Easy ASM Standard: N/A 8. Where in the DNA structure do DNA-binding proteins generally bind? A. in the center of the helix, between the bases B. in the major grooves C. in the minor grooves D. in the major and minor grooves* Difficulty: Easy ASM Standard: N/A 9. Which of the following is not an example of an organism’s phenotype? A. a behavioral response to certain conditions B. an organism’s observable characteristics C. the DNA sequence of a cellular genome* D. which enzymes are being synthesized Difficulty: Moderate ASM Standard: N/A 10. Who identified the nucleotide bases of DNA and RNA? A. Richard Altmann B. Albrecht Kossel*