C-EFM EXAM 2023 WITH 100% COMPLETE SOLUTIONS

What is the primary goal of fetal monitoring? To prevent fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality (prevent injury and death to mother and baby) In 2004 JCAHO Sentinel Event Alert #30 recommends Standard terminology to prevent perinatal sentinel events What was the root cause of perinatal/infant death or permanent disability? (72%) Communication What is the only true auscultation tool available? Fetoscope What does the fetoscope do? Hears opening and closing of heart valves in baby What are the benefits of palpating? We touch the patient and we can palpate the strength of contraction What are the limitations of palpating? Each person is subjective on the strength and sometimes can be hard to feel What does a Doppler do? Only detects heart MOTION Benefits of auscultation? Pt has freedom to move and it's not invasive Limitations of auscultation? -you can not determine variability -takes time -need to have competency For auscultation documentation what needs to be documented? Rate, Rhythm (regular/irregular), increases or decreases from baseline And need to listen 30 seconds before, during and after contraction What do you NOT document for auscultation documentation? Variability and decelerations In the 1st stage of labor you can do intermittent monitoring on a low risk patient how often? Every 30 minutes In the 2nd stage (pushing) how often can you intermittently monitor for low and high right patients Low risk q15 min High risk q5 min During intermittent monitoring when do you also need to listen to FHR? During interventions such as medications, SROM/AROM, cervix check, etc. What is the normal FHR range? 110-160 bpm Category 1 auscultation includes ALL... -normal FHR baseline -regular rhythm -presence of access -absence of decels Category 2 auscultation includes ANY of the following -irregular rhythm -presence of decels -tachycardia -bradycardia US/EFM detects? Fetal heart movement When does a baby need 15x15? At 32 weeks Benefits of EFM/US? -you can see what's going on with baby all the time -we can see variability which tells about oxygenation -gives us an objective legal record -Non invasive Limitations of EFM/US? -constant readjustment -limited patient movement -when the monitor doubles or halves the FHR