PORTAGE LEARNING CHEM 210 TEST 7. |

PORTAGE LEARNING CHEM 210 TEST 7. | 2021 Test 7 CORRECT ANSWERS IN RED Question 1 True or False: The G value for a particular reaction is +52kJ/mol. This value indicates the reaction is spontaneous. True False Question 2 3 / 3 pts True or false: A biochemical metabolic pathway is a single reaction that converts starting material into products. True False Question 3 True or false: Two ATP molecules are used in the energy-investing stage of glycolysis. True False Question 4 True or False: The citric acid cycle occurs in the absence of oxygen. True False Question 5 True or false: The -oxidation pathway only degrades odd-numbered fatty acids. True False Question 6 In total, how many net ATP and NADH are produced (or required) in the glucose to pyruvate steps in glycolysis? 1 NADH required 1 ATP and 2 NADH required 2 ATP and 2 NADH produced 2 ATP produced None of the above Question 7 3 / 3 pts In converting glucose to pyruvate, how many ATP or NADH are produced (or required) in the fructose-6- phosphate to fructose-1,6-biphosphate step in glycolysis? 1 ATP required 1 ATP produced 2 ATP produced 2 ATP required None of the above Question 8 0 / 3 pts What is the primary reactant of glycolysis? Glucose Glucose-6-phosphate Fructose Fructose-6-phosphate Hexokinase Question 9 In glycolysis, when glucose enters a cell, it is immediately phosphorylated to form glucose-6-phosphate. The phosphate donor in this reaction is ATP, and the enzyme is . Hexokinase Aldolase CoA Phosphohexose isomerase None of the above Question 10 In the sixth reaction of glycolysis, ATP is formed by the direct transfer of a phosphate group from a metabolite to ADP. This process is referred to as: Lipid phosphorylation Isomerization Protein phosphorylation Substrate-level phosphorylation Photo-protein dephosphorylation Question 11 Under anaerobic conditions, to which compound is pyruvate converted? NADH Lactate Hexokinase GAP None of the above Question 12 How many steps are in the glycolysis pathway? 3 6 10 12 14 Question 13 The reactions of glycolysis take place in/on the . Mitochondria Vacuoles Ribosome Cytosol None of the above Question 14 How is ATP used in the initial steps of glycolysis? Isomerization reaction Phosphorylation reaction Protein production Lipid phosphorylation None of the above Question 15 3 / 3 pts Which of the following is an eight-step pathway? A. CAC B. PDH C. Glycolysis D. Oxidative phosphorylation E. -oxidation A B C D E Question 16 How many ATP molecules does NADH yield after oxidative phosphorylation? 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 Question 17 Besides NADH and FADH2, what energy molecule is produced directly in the citric acid cycle? ATP GTP CTP TTP None of the above Question 18 What pair of molecules is missing in the following reaction? A. NAD; NADH2 B. GDP; GTP C. CoA; CO2 D. FAD; FADH2 E. Succinate/Succinyl-CoA A B C D E Question 19 The enzymes and coenzymes of the citric acid cycle are all present in the . Mitochondria Vacuoles Nucleus Lysosomes None of the above Question 20 Cellular respiration is the process of cells taking in and producing to generate energy. A. Glucose; NADH B. O2; CO2 C. CO2; ATP D. NAD+; NADH E. FAD; FADH2 A B C D E Question 21 How many phases are in the complete degradation of glucose via cellular respiration? 2 3 4 5 1 Question 22 What are the names of the three enzymes that convert pyruvate to acetyl-CoA A. P, D, and H B. Enzyme A, Enzyme B, and Enzyme C C. Enzyme a, Enzyme b, and Enzyme c D. E1, E2, and E3 E. None of the above A B C D E Question 23 What coenzyme(s) is (are) necessary for -oxidation? a. NAD+ b. FAD c. GTP d. Both A and B e. None of the above Question 24 Which of the following letters corresponds to the -carbon of a fatty acid? A B C D E Question 25 The sequential process for oxidizing fatty acids to acetyl-CoA is often called: A. -degradation B. -degradation C. Spiral D. -spiral E. -spiral A B C D E Question 26 (Short answer) At the end of the Preparatory Phase of glycolysis, there are two products. A) What are the two products? B) What happens to each product? In step 5 of glycolysis, glucose (six-carbon) is converted to GAP and DHAP (both 3-carbons). GAP goes on in the glycolysis pathway. The other, DHAP, cannot go on through glycolysis directly; it is converted to GAP by triose phosphate isomerase. Focus on the carbon products. Question 27 (Fill in the blank) Use the following word bank to fill in the appropriate blanks. Not all words will be used; words can be used more than once. Word bank: one, two, three, four, five, six Glucose contains (A) carbon atoms. The oxidation of a glucose molecule utilizes (B) ATP. Later, the (C) three-carbon products of glycolysis produce (D) ATP by direct phosphorylation, which gives a net yield of two ATP. In addition, (E) NADH are produced in glycolysis. A) six B) two C) two D) four E) two Question 28 (Short response) Consider the fatty acid which has 20 carbons (below). A. (2 pts) How many cycles of -oxidation are required for catabolism? Briefly explain. B. (2 pts) How many acetyl-CoA are produced during catabolism? Briefly explain. C. (1 pts) How many NADH and FADH2 are produced from -oxidation (only) of this molecule? A. 9 cycles are required for oleic acid. Each cycle removes two carbon units. ON the final cycle, two acetyl groups are produced. B. There are 10 acetyl-CoA groups produced. Two acetyl-CoA groups on the last cycle. C. There are 9 NADH and 9 FADH2 molecules produced. One per cycle. Review this for the final. Question 29 Short Essay: (10 points each) The complete oxidative catabolism of glucose to form CO2 and H2O occurs in three phases. Describe each of the three phases giving the important pathway in each phase and the energy molecules produced in each. Answer: First phase: Glucose metabolism begins with glycolysis which degrades the molecule into two molecules of pyruvate and also produces 2 ATP and 2 NADH molecules. The pyruvate is converted to acetyl-CoA. Second Phase: the acetyl-CoA groups are shuttled through the citric acid cycle to generate GTP, NADH, FADH2 molecules along with the release of CO2. Third Phase: the NADH and FADH2 coenzymes are themselves oxidized in the mitochondria to yield ATP by a process called oxidative phosphorylation.