Nursing -- Dosage Calculations Exam

Kilo - Answer- 1000 times basic unit Centi - Answer- 1/100 of the basic unit (or 0.01) Milli - Answer- 1/1000 of basic unit (or 0.001) Micro - Answer- 1/1,000,000 of basic unit (or 0.) 1 kg - Answer- 1,000 g 1 g - Answer- 1,000 mg 1 mg - Answer- 1,000 mcg 1 L - Answer- 1,000 mL 1 mL - Answer- 0.001 L 1 m - Answer- 100 cm 1 mm - Answer- 0.001 m grain - Answer- measures weight and is written gr 1 gr = - Answer- 60 mg 60 gtt (drops) - Answer- 1 teaspoon (t or tsp) 15-16 gtt - Answer- 1 mL 1 oz - Answer- 30 mL 16 oz - Answer- 1 pint 32 oz or 2 pints - Answer- 1 quart 4 quarts - Answer- 1 gallon Apothecary Rule: 1/2 - Answer- can be written as ss or ss with a line above 1 t (tsp) - Answer- 5 mL 1 T (Tbsp/tbsp) - Answer- 15 mL 2 T/Tbsp/tbsp - Answer- 1 oz 1 c/C/ cup - Answer- 8 oz or 240 mL 2.2 lb - Answer- 1 kg Input/Output Question: Calculate the following intake and output for an 8 hour shift. Patient intakes the following: ½ cup water, a 2 ounce Popsicle, and 3 T broth. He has a continuous IV of NS (0.9% Normal Saline) infusing at 75 mL/hour. During the 8 hour shift, he experiences diarrhea in the amount of 125 mL. There is 410 mL of urine emptied from the indwelling urinary catheter and 1 tsp of drainage from the wound drain. What is the 8 hour total I & O for this patient? - Answer- Intake = 825 mL Output = 540 mL GT - Answer- gastrostomy tube NGT - Answer- nasogastric tube HHN - Answer- hand held nebulizer MDI - Answer- metered dose inhaler p.o. - Answer- oral, by mouth pr - Answer- rectum ID - Answer- intradermal IM - Answer- intramuscular IV - Answer- intravenous IVPB - Answer- intravenous piggyback IVP - Answer- intravenous push SL - Answer- sublingual Sub Q - Answer- subcutaneous S & S - Answer- swish and swallow Ac - Answer- before meals Pc - Answer- after meals Daily - Answer- every day Bid - Answer- twice a day Tid - Answer- three times a day Qid - Answer- four times a day Qh - Answer- every hour at bedtime - Answer- at bedtime Qn - Answer- every night Stat - Answer- immediately q2h or q2⁰ - Answer- every 2 hours q4h or q4⁰ - Answer- every 4 hours q6h or q6⁰ - Answer- every 6 hours q8h or q8⁰ - Answer- every 8 hours q12h or q12⁰ - Answer- every 12 hours Every other day - Answer- every other day Prn - Answer- as needed 3 times weekly - Answer- three times per week Biw - Answer- twice per week Practice Problems on medication name; dosage; route; time; other directions: Potassium chloride (K-Dur) 20 mEq (milliequivalent) p.o. in 120 mL orange juice bid - Answer- potassium chloride (Kdur) 20 mEq (milliequivalent) p.o. bid in 120 mL of orange juice Practice Problems on medication name; dosage; route; time; other directions: zidovudine (Retrovir) 200 mg p.o. every 4 hours - Answer- zidovudine (Retrovir) 200 mg p.o. every 4 hours Practice Problems on medication name; dosage; route; time; other directions: gentamicin sulfate (Garamycin) 45 mg IVPB every 12 hours - Answer- gentamicin sulfate (Garamycin) 45 mg IVPB, every 12 hours Practice Problems on medication name; dosage; route; time; other directions: Humulin Regular Insulin IM at 7:30 am (or 0730 hours military time)*` - Answer- Humulin Regular Insulin (U-100) (No dosage, clarify), (Ordered IM, clarify) Practice Problems on medication name; dosage; route; time; other directions: levothyroxine (Synthroid) 200 p.o. daily - Answer- levothyroxine (Synthroid) 200 (No unit of measure, clarify) p.o. daily Practice Problems on medication name; dosage; route; time; other directions: . digoxin (Lanoxin) 0.125 p.o. - Answer- digoxin (Lanoxin) 0.125 (No unit of measure, clarify) p.o. (No frequency, clarify) Practice Problems on medication name; dosage; route; time; other directions: furosemide (Lasix) 40 mg IM stat - Answer- furosemide (Lasix) 40 mg, IM, stat Practice Problems on medication name; dosage; route; time; other directions: chlordiazepoxide (Librium) 50 mg p.o. every 4 hours prn agitation - Answer- chlordiazepoxide (Librium) 50 mg, p.o. every 4 hours prn for agitation Practice Problems on medication name; dosage; route; time; other directions: acetaminophen (Tylenol) 650 mg p.o. every 4 hours prn - Answer- acetaminophen (Tylenol) 650 mg, p.o. every 4 hours prn (No reason, clarify) Practice Problems on medication name; dosage; route; time; other directions: Folic acid 1 mg p.o. every day - Answer- Folic acid 1 mg, p.o. every day Calculate the correct amount of oral or parenteral medications to be administered. Order: doxepin HCl (Sinequan) 30 mg p,o. at bedtime Available: doxepin HCl (Sinequan) 10 mg per capsule How many capsules will the nurse administer? - Answer- 3 capsules Order: nitroglycerin (Nitrostat) gr 1/150 sublingual stat Available: nitroglycerin (Nitrostat) 0.4 mg per tablet How many tablets will the nurse administer? - Answer- 1 tablet Order: digoxin (Lanoxin) 0.25 mg IM daily Available: digoxin (Lanoxin) 0.5 mg/2 mL How many mL will the nurse administer? - Answer- 1 mL Order: atropine (Atreza) 0.3 mg IM stat Available: atropine (Atreza) 0.4 mg per mL How many mL will the nurse administer? (Record using two decimal places). - Answer- 0.75 tablets Order: gr 1/300 of a prescribed medication Available: gr 1/150 per tablet How many tablets will the nurse administer? - Answer- 0.5 tablets Order: glyburide (Diabeta) 5 mg p.o. daily Available: glyburide (Diabeta) 2.5 mg tablets How many tablets will the nurse administer? - Answer- 2 tablets Order: temazepam (Restoril) 30 mg p.o. at bedtime prn Available: temazepam (Restoril) 15 mg tablets How many tablets will the nurse administer? - Answer- 2 tablets Order: cephalexin (Keflex) 0.5 g p.o. qid Available: cephalexin (Keflex) 250 mg capsules How many capsules will the nurse administer? - Answer- 2 capsules Order: cefazolin (Ancef) 0.3 g IM. Available: cefazolin (Ancef) 500 mg powder. Add 2 mL of sterile water to obtain a concentration of 225 mg/mL. How many mL will the nurse administer? - Answer- 1.3 mL Order: hydrocortisone (Solu-Cortef) 200 mg IV q6h for 1 week. Available: hydrocortisone (Solu-Cortef) 250 mg powder. Add 2 mL of sterile water to obtain a concentration of 250 mg/2 mL. How many mL will the nurse administer? - Answer- 1.6 mL POINTS TO REMEMBER WHEN ADMINISTERING INSULIN - Answer- 1. When mixing categories of insulin in the same syringe, always draw up the short-acting first. 2. Gently roll the bottle of insulin to mix it before drawing up the dose. Do not shake the bottle vigorously. 3. Always have another nurse verify that you have drawn up the correct amount and type of insulin. 4. Only Regular (short acting) insulin can be given intravenously. 5. Insulin is considered a High Alert medication and can be lethal if not given correctly. Blood glucose (mg/dL) - Insulin 0-150 - Answer- No insulin