BIOL 235 Chapter 6 Quiz with correct solution | Latest 2023/2024

BIOL 235 Chapter 6 Quiz with correct solution | Latest 2023/2024 What is osteology? -- The study of bone structure and the treatment of bone disorders Describe the protection function of the skeletal system -- The skeleton protects internal organs from injury Describe the support function of the skeletal system -- The skeleton is a structural framework for the body (it supports soft tissues and provides attachment points for tendons) Describe the mineral homeostasis (storage/release) function of the skeletal system -- Bones store minerals (calcium and phosphorus) that contributes to bone's strength Bones release minerals into the blood to maintain homeostasis and distribute minerals throughout the body Describe how the skeletal system aids in movement -- Skeletal muscles attach to bones, contract, and pull on bones for movement Describe the triglyceride storage function of the skeletal system -- Yellow bone marrow consists of adipose cells that store triglycerides (a potential chemical energy reserve) Describe the blood cell production function of the skeletal system -- Red bone marrow produces red/white blood cells, and platelets (marrow changes to yellow with age) What is a long bone? -- A bone that has greater length than width What is the diaphysis? -- The shaft of a long bone (body, main portion) What are the epiphyses? -- The proximal and distal ends of a long bone What are the metaphyses? -- Regions between the diaphysis and epiphyses of long bones (in growing bones, each contains a growth plate) What is an epiphyseal plate/line? -- A layer of hyaline cartilage that allows diaphysis of a long bone to grow in length Once the bone stops growing (age 14-24), cartilage is replaced by bone (creating an epiphyseal line) What is articular cartilage? -- A layer of hyaline cartilage that covers the epiphysis at joints to reduce friction/absorb shocks (avascular, so damage repair is hard)