APUSH Exam Review 2021 (updated) to pass

APUSH Exam Review 2021 (updated) to pass1.2 Native American Societies Before European Contact Explain how and why various native populations in the period before European contact interacted with the natural environment in North America Explain how the spread of maize impacted the American Southwest The new crop that Europeans brought during the Columbian Exchange allowed for migrating Natives to learn how to farm/ nurture crops. in return Europeans received new crops to take back to the old world, the main one being maize. This supported economic development, advanced irrigation, and social diversity among societies. 00:16 01:13 Describe the lifestyle of societies in the Great Basin and the grasslands of the western Great Plains Arid climates in the Great Basin/ grasslands led to developments of largely mobile lifestyles. They built big irrigation systems, and many tribes began sedentary farming in large permanent settlements. Describe the lifestyle of societies in the Northeast, the Mississippi Valley, and along the Atlantic Seaboard Lifestyle in these areas were filled with societies developing mixed agriculture and hunter/gatherer economies that enjoyed the development of permanent societies. Describe the lifestyle of societies in the Northwest and present day Cali They lived successfully through hunting and gathering, but also had some settled communities that used plentiful resources by the ocean 1.3 European Exploration in the Americas Explain the causes of the exploration and conquest of the New World by various European nations Explain the causes of exploration and conquest of the New World by various European nations. Provide an ex for each a. New sources of wealth: Exploited gold and silver, profit from agriculture b. Economic and military competition: permanent European civilizations, expand Spanish Empire c. desire to spread Christianity: Attempted to convert Natives to Christianity; priests, friars, and missionaries to spread influence of Catholic Church 1.4 Columbian Exchange,Spanish Exploration, and Conquest Explain the causes of the Columbian Exchange and its effect on Europe and the Americas during the period after 1492 Provide exs/explain how each of the following led to the Columbian Exchange a. Maritime Technology: Advancements and organized tactics for conducting international trade led to change in economy for Europe to the Americas b. Joint-stock Companies: It was a corporation that involved many people combining wealth for a common purpose, which lead to global trade Explain/provide examples of each of the effects of the Columbian Exchange listed a. New crops to Europe: Ex include maize, corn, potatoes, tomatoes, etc. and were beneficial in the Old World as new crops for European diets b. Epidemics: Diseases were brought by Europeans (who were immune) to the Americas during the exchange which killed a huge part of Native populations. Exs include smallpox, malaria, bubonic plague c. Introduction of new crops and livestock: Natives learned new farming techniques/ fertilization of soil for new crops like sugar and bananas 1.5 Labor, Slavery, and Caste in the Spanish Colonial System Explain how the growth of the Spanish Empire in North America shaped the development of social and economic structures overtime Impact of Spanish on social structure of North America The Encomienda System required Spanish Colonial economies to use Native American Labor to support plantation-based agriculture/ extract metals and other resources. The caste system defined the status of the diverse population of Europeans, Africans, and Natives