NSG 331 Exam 2 Study Guide| top rated

NSG 331 Exam 2 Study Guide Visual and Auditory Problems module (1 part) not as heavily covered as other 2 mods WebEx Notes o Eyes and ears not part of Final exam o Glaucoma, MD, Cataracts - know treatment, clinical manifestations o Hearing- know nursing care of the hearing impaired • Glaucoma *pressure & peripheral vision* • [Lewis Table 20.12, 20.13] o Normal intraocular pressure: 10 to 21 mm Hg o Can lead to structural damage. ▪ Optic nerve damage ▪ Loss of peripheral vision o Inflow > outflow  IOP increases  vision loss o Risk Factors ▪ Black people over 40 ▪ All persons over 60 ▪ Family history!! • Strong genetic link ▪ Open angle • Blockage is NOT at the entrance , but inside • Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (POAG) o Most common: 60% of all glaucoma o Slow onset- S/S are often unnoticed because no pain or pressure. o Usually bilateral, leads to tunnel vision o Common in diabetics o Cause o Blockage of aqueous fluid drainage  increasing IOP  cupping of the optic disc  destroys retinal nerve fibers  painless vision loss. o IOP: 22 – 32 mm Hg • Symptoms o Asymptomatic early o Change in peripheral vision o Bumping into objects o Many assume normal aging changes o Dx: elevated IOP (22-32mm/Hg), visual field loss, cupping of optic nerve • Treatment o Medications ▪ Miotic Drops • pupil constriction and reduce formation of aqueous humor • Sx: burning, blurred vision ▪ Beta Blockers • Decreases production of aqueous humor • Sx: burning, tearing, slowed HR, fatigue