AHS 120 - Final Exam Review 2023 with complete solution
Homeostasis
Cells and organisms maintain a fairly constant internal environment.
Eukarya
Cells that contain a nucleus
contains domains: Plantae, Protista, Animalia, and Fungi
Prokaryotes
organisms that do not contain a nucleus
Consists of Bacteria & Archaea
Hypothesis
Supposition that is formulated after making an observation; it can be tested by obtaining
more data, often by experimentation
organism
complex individual that consists of organ systems
conclusion
made as to whether the results support the hypothesis or do not support the hypothesis
organ
made up of two or more different tissues performing a common function
organ system
group of related organs working together
species
a group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging
genes or interbreeding.
organisms that share a common gene pool
population
organisms of the same species in a particular area
community
assemblage of populations interacting with one another within the same environment
ecosystem
A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.
biosphere
part of Earth in which life exists including land, water, and air or atmosphere
Biology
study of life
anatomy
The study of body structure
ecology
Scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their
environment
biochemistry
chemistry dealing with chemical compounds and processes in living plants and animals
limnology
study of freshwater ecosystems
Levels of Biological Organization (smallest to largest)
, cells
tissues
organs
organ systems
organism
what membrane of the mitochondrion represents engulfing vesicles if the
mitochondrion is the result of endosymbiosis?
the outer mitochondrial membrane
endosymbiosis
A theorized process in which early eukaryotic cells were formed from simpler
prokaryotes.
Mitochondria
Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production;
has double membrane
has cristae
has matrix
cytoplasm
A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended
nucleolus
Found inside the nucleus and produces ribosomes
organelle
A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell
cytoskeleton
A network of fibers that holds the cell together, helps the cell to keep its shape, and aids
in movement
Phospholipids present in the vesicle membrane will end up in the plasma
membrane during what type of transport?
exocytosis
sodium-potassium pump
a carrier protein that uses ATP to actively transport sodium ions out of a cell and
potassium ions into the cell
active transport
Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against a
concentration difference
passive transport
the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the
cell
Ribosomes
site of protein synthesis (make proteins)
aerobic respiration
Respiration that requires oxygen
number of ATP produced in aerobic respiration
38 MAX
36 minimum
4 principle types of tissues
epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous
Homeostasis
Cells and organisms maintain a fairly constant internal environment.
Eukarya
Cells that contain a nucleus
contains domains: Plantae, Protista, Animalia, and Fungi
Prokaryotes
organisms that do not contain a nucleus
Consists of Bacteria & Archaea
Hypothesis
Supposition that is formulated after making an observation; it can be tested by obtaining
more data, often by experimentation
organism
complex individual that consists of organ systems
conclusion
made as to whether the results support the hypothesis or do not support the hypothesis
organ
made up of two or more different tissues performing a common function
organ system
group of related organs working together
species
a group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging
genes or interbreeding.
organisms that share a common gene pool
population
organisms of the same species in a particular area
community
assemblage of populations interacting with one another within the same environment
ecosystem
A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.
biosphere
part of Earth in which life exists including land, water, and air or atmosphere
Biology
study of life
anatomy
The study of body structure
ecology
Scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their
environment
biochemistry
chemistry dealing with chemical compounds and processes in living plants and animals
limnology
study of freshwater ecosystems
Levels of Biological Organization (smallest to largest)
, cells
tissues
organs
organ systems
organism
what membrane of the mitochondrion represents engulfing vesicles if the
mitochondrion is the result of endosymbiosis?
the outer mitochondrial membrane
endosymbiosis
A theorized process in which early eukaryotic cells were formed from simpler
prokaryotes.
Mitochondria
Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production;
has double membrane
has cristae
has matrix
cytoplasm
A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended
nucleolus
Found inside the nucleus and produces ribosomes
organelle
A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell
cytoskeleton
A network of fibers that holds the cell together, helps the cell to keep its shape, and aids
in movement
Phospholipids present in the vesicle membrane will end up in the plasma
membrane during what type of transport?
exocytosis
sodium-potassium pump
a carrier protein that uses ATP to actively transport sodium ions out of a cell and
potassium ions into the cell
active transport
Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against a
concentration difference
passive transport
the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the
cell
Ribosomes
site of protein synthesis (make proteins)
aerobic respiration
Respiration that requires oxygen
number of ATP produced in aerobic respiration
38 MAX
36 minimum
4 principle types of tissues
epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous
