TCOLE Multiculturalism and human relations (chapter 5) Exam 2023

We tend to categorize people and make judgments about them rather than evaluate them based on their individual _________ - ANSWER-Character One goal of society and criminal justice is the reduction of _________ - ANSWER-Crime Ethnicity refers to shared culture and _______. Members of an ethnic group usually have common ancestry and generally share language, religion, and other cultural patterns. - ANSWER-Background Attitude is a ________ position based on a person's knowledge, feelings, and experiences about someone or something influencing him/her to behave in a certain way in regard to that person or thing - ANSWER-Mental Refers to both the interaction of the law and the _________ and the interaction of citizens when law enforcement becomes involved - ANSWER-Citizen In a multicultured society, such as the U.S., many scholars believe it is imperative that law enforcement officials have some understanding of these communication principles in order to facilitate dialogue and reduce ________ - ANSWER-Confilct The role of the peace officer includes enforcing laws in an impartial manner and supporting the concept that all persons, including criminal justice personnel, are equally subject to the _________ and will be treated equally by it. - ANSWER-Law The temptations provided by citizens for them to be partial can be overwhelming. The acceptance of them can go virtually undetected by a higher _________ - ANSWER-Authority Impartiality is a fundamental ________ made of all peace officers - ANSWER-Requirement Take necessary enforcement action, basing its intensity on the nature of the situation and the severity of the _________ - ANSWER-Offense Attitude - ANSWER-Is a mental position based on a persons knowledge, feelings, and experiences about someone or something influencing him/her to behave in a certain way about that person or thing. Race - ANSWER-generally refers to groups of people with common ancestry and physical characteristics. Ethnicity - ANSWER-refers to shared culture and background. Ethnocentrism - ANSWER-is the act of regarding one's culture as the "center of the universe" and hence as the basis for all comparisons with other cultures. Prejudice - ANSWER-is an adverse judgement or opinion formed beforehand or without knowledge of or examination of the facts. Culture - ANSWER-a way of thinking and acting based on tradition, learned behavior passed down from one generation to the other. Discrimination - ANSWER-acting on basis of prejudice, a universal ill. Stereotype and Categorical Treatment - ANSWER-affords a convenient grouping for people of whom one is not knowledgeable. Lumping or grouping such people together under a popular stereotyped description saves time and thought and provides a convenient grouping. Scapegoat - ANSWER-provides a convenient group or person to blame when things go wrong in one's personal life or in the community. Projection - ANSWER-Provides an outlet for projecting one's tensions and frustrations onto other people. Authoritarian Personality - ANSWER-Symbolizes one's affiliation with a more dominant group. Societal Strain - ANSWER-(fear and insecurity) leads to justification for various types of discrimination that are considered to be of advantage to the dominant group. Feeling of Superiority - ANSWER-Self-assured feeling on the part of certain individuals that they are superior or better than others, which is frequently expressed in inappropriate jokes and disparaging remarks directed to those regarded as inferiors. Others are strange and different - ANSWER-feeling that the other group is alien or different which promotes the social exclusion of members of a particular group and blocks any acceptance of a person on individual merit. Proprietary Claims - ANSWER-as a member of the group, the individual believes he is entitled to exclusive or prior rights in a certain area.