NATS 1560 (test 1) 2023 with complete solution

NATS 1560 (test 1) 2023 with complete solution Food science Ans •scientific and technological research on the properties of food substances, aimed at inventing new food products and new methods of preservation and processing Nutrition science Ans the scientific study of the processes through which food provides nourishment to the body what are the general characteristics of the modern sciences? Ans materialism, reductionism & experimentalism What are macronutrients? Ans carbohydrates, lipids, proteins what are micronutrients? Ans vitamins and minerals Atomic theory Ans •all material substances are constituted of atoms Element Ans •substance composed only of atoms of the same species Compound Ans A substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds Mixture Ans •can be separated and purified into simpler substances by physical means Chemical formula Ans •symbolic expression representing the chemical composition of a molecule, (i.e. the species and numbers of atoms composing it) Chemical reaction Ans re-arrangement of the atoms of the reactants into new molecules (products) catalyst Ans is a substance that facilitates the reaction but is not changed by the reaction Molecular structure Ans arrangement of atoms in a molecule in 3d space Structural formulas Ans 2d representations of molecular structure Isomers Ans molecules having the same chemical composition but different structures Functional groups Ans recurring groups of atoms that determine the reactivity of organic molecules What are the "macromolecules of life"? Ans •Carbohydrates •Lipids •Proteins •DNA Macronutrient distribution (for adults 19 & over) Ans -carbohydrates 45-65% -proteins 10-35% -fat 20-35% ADMR (Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges) Ans -the percentage range for macronutrients intakes that is associated with reduced risk of chronic disease while providing adequate intakes of essential nutrients our body needs food for? Ans −molecules, needed for the growth and repair of organs and tissues −energy, needed for all physiological processes kilocalorie Ans •amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water 1°C at standard atmospheric pressure