AQA GCSE Physics - Paper 1 latest complete verified solution 2023 UPDATED

Energy Stores - 1) Elastic potential 2) Gravitational potential 3) Thermal 4) Electrostatic 5) Nuclear 6) Chemical 7) Kinetic 8) Magnetic 9) Light 10) Sound How is energy transferred? - 1) Mechanically - force doing work 2) Electrically - work done by moving charges 3) Heating/Radiation - light, sound How can work be done? - When a current flows or by a force moving an object Kinetic energy formula - E=1/2mv² Kinetic energy(J) = 0.5 x mass(kg) x speed²(m/s) Gravitational potential energy formula - E=mgh G.P.E(J) = mass(kg) x gravitational field strength (N/kg) x height (m) What happens when an object falls and there's no air resistance? - Energy lost from the g.p.e store = energy gained in the kinetic energy store What does air resistance do when acting against falling objects? - It causes some energy to be transferred to other energy stores e.g. the thermal energy stores of the object and the surroundings Elastic potential energy formula - E=1/2ke² E.P.E(J) = 0.5 x spring constant(N/m) x extension²(m) What is SHC? - The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1°C SHC formula - E=mcθ Change in thermal energy(J) = mass(kg) x SHC(J/kg/°C) x temperature change(°C) What is the conservation of energy principle? - Energy can be transferred usefully, or stored or dissipated (wasted energy), but can never be created or destroyed