Osteoporosis Practice Questions And Answers 2023

The nurse is discussing osteoporosis with a group of women. Which factor will the nurse identify as a NONmodifiable risk factor? 1. Calcium deficiency 2. Tobacco use 3. Female gender 4. High alcohol intake - Correct answer-3. Female gender The client diagnosed with osteoporosis asks the nurse, "Why does smoking cause my bones to be brittle?" Which response by the nurse is most appropriate? 1. Smoking causes nutritional deficiencies, which contribute to osteoporosis 2. Tobacco causes an increased blood supply to the bones 3. Smoking low-tar cigarettes will not cause your bones to brittle 4. Nicotine impairs the absorption of calcium, causing decreased bone strength - Correct answer-4. Nicotine impairs the absorption of calcium, causing decreased bone strength Slows the production of osteoblasts and impairs the absorption of calcium Which signs and symptoms indicate to the nurse the client has developed osteoporosis? 1. The client has lost one inch in height 2. The client has lost 12 pounds in the last year 3. The client's hands are painful to the touch 4. The client's serum uric acid level is elevated - Correct answer-1. The client has lost one inch in height The client is being evaluated for osteoporosis. Which diagnostic test is the most accurate? 1. X-ray of the femur 2. Serum alkaline phosphate 3. Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) 4. Serum bone Gla-protein test - Correct answer-3. Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) This measures bone density in the lumbar spine or hip Which foods should the nurse recommend to a client when discussing sources of dietary calcium? 1. Yogurt and dark, leafy greens 2. Oranges and citrus fruits 3. Bananas and dried apricots 4. Wheat bread and bran - Correct answer-1. Yogurt and dark, leafy greens Which intervention is an example of a secondary nursing intervention when discussing osteoporosis? 1. Obtain a bone density evaluation test 2. Perform non-weight bearing exercises regularly 3. Increase the intake of dietary calcium 4. Refer clients to a smoking cessation program - Correct answer-1. Obtain a bone density evaluation test The other interventions are primary The female client diagnosed with osteoporosis tells the nurse she is going to swim aerobics for 30 minutes every day. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate? 1. Praise the client for this 2. Explain to the client walking 30 minutes a day is better 3. Encourage the client to swim every other day 4. Discuss with the client how sedentary activities help prevent osteoporosis - Correct answer-2. Explain to the client walking 30 minutes a day is better Weight bearing is better The client diagnosed with osteoporosis is prescribed calcitonin by nasal spray. Which assessment data indicate the nurse an adverse affect? 1. Complains of n/v 2. Client is drinking two glasses of milk a day 3. Client has a runny nose and nasal itching 4. Client has numerous episodes of nosebleeds - Correct answer-4. Client has numerous episodes of nosebleeds The nurse is teaching a class of pregnant teenagers. Which information is most important when discussing ways to prevent osteoporosis? 1. Take at least 1,200 mg of calcium supplements a day 2. Eat foods low in calcium and high in phosphorus 3. Osteoporosis does not occur until around age 50 4. Remain as active as possible until the baby is born - Correct answer-1. Take at least 1,200 mg of calcium supplements a day The NIH recommends 1,200 - 1,500 for young adults, pregnant, and lactating The 84 yo client is a resident of a long-term care facility. Which intervention should be implemented to help prevent complications secondary to osteoporosis? 1. Keep the bed in the high positoin 2. Perform passive ROM 3. Turn the client every 2 hours 4. PRovide nighttime lights in the room - Correct answer-4. PRovide nighttime lights in the room Prevent falls & fractures The client is taking calcium carbonate (Tums) to help prevent further development of osteoporosis. Which teaching should the nurse implement? 1. Encourage the client to take Tums with at least 8 ounces of water 2. Teach the client to take Tums with the breakfast meal only 3. Instruct the client to take Tums 30-60 minutes before a meal 4. Discuss the need to get a monthly serum calcium level - Correct answer-3. Instruct the client to take Tums 30-60 minutes before a meal Free hydrochloric acid is needed for calcium absorption; therefore, Tums should be taken on an empty stomach