Nursing Fundamentals Final Exam Graded A+

who establishes standards of care and clinical nursing practice? - ANSWER-American Nurses Association LPN role description - ANSWER-caregiver-implement interventions to improve,maintain,or restore health, educator-health teaching and counseling to promote wellness, prevent illness collaborator-work with RN and health care team to provide continuity of care manager-assign minor tasks to nurse assistant or other ancilliary personnel LPN's are supervised by ? - ANSWER-The RN, physician, and dentist Where can LPN's work? - ANSWER-LPN's can work in hospitals,extended care facilities,physician's offices, ambulatory clinics, renal dialysis centers, hospices,home health agencies, neighborhood emergency center Who is Florence Nightingale? - ANSWER-In the mid-1800's experienced a calling by God to become a nurse. Where did Florence Nightingale study? - ANSWER-She studied in Germany with a protestant order of women who cared for the sick. What period of the Civil War did Florence nurse in? - ANSWER-The Crimean war What was Florence Nightingales curriculum based on? - ANSWER-Nutrition if important part of nursing care, fresh clean air is beneficial to the sick, nurses should identify and meet patients needs, nursing should be directed toward health and illness, nursing to separate from medicine, nurses need to continuing education Disease is - ANSWER-Pathologic process that causes illness Health is - ANSWER-a relative state in which one is able to function well physically, mentally, socially,and spirtually in order to express the full range of one's unique potentialities with the environment in which one is living. Infection is - ANSWER-Invasion and multiplication of micoorganisms (bacteria,viruses)in body tissues, causing cellular injury Idiopathic is - ANSWER-Of unknown origin Maslow's Theory of Basic Needs - ANSWER-Hierarchy of human needs as an explanation for the forces that motivate human behavior Basic physical needs - ANSWER-food, air, water,rest-must be satisfied before emotional needs Self-Actualization (Maslow's Hierarchy) - ANSWER-Self- knowledge and acceptance, achievement, openness,flexibility, universal knowledge, aesthetics(artistic appreciation, talent) ex: when a person is comfortable with themselves Self-esteem (Maslow's Hierarchy) - ANSWER-Independence, Competence, exploration, roles, motivation, learning, leisure, spirtual beliefs Love (Maslow's Hierarchy) - ANSWER-Loving (giving and receiving), affection, intimacy, sexual expression Safety & Security (Maslow's Hierarchy) - ANSWER-Psychological comfort, assistance in meeting needs, comfortable environment ex:person needs to feel they belong or attached to others Love & Belonging (Maslow's Hierarchy) - ANSWER-Social interaction, communication, human caring, family community ex: a person cannot truly love others until one first loves or accepts oneself Physiologic Needs - ANSWER-oxygen (tissue perfusion), nutrition(food & water), elimination, safety (protection from injury), rest & comfort (relief from pain), hygiene, activity, sexual procreation ex: needs essential for life invasive procedure - ANSWER-procedure require entry into the body assessment is - ANSWER-collecting,organizing,documenting,and validating a patient's health data diagnosis - ANSWER-sorting and analyzing the assessment data to identify potential health problems planning - ANSWER-nurse and patient set priorities and goals to eliminate, diminish or control identified problems implementation - ANSWER-carry out nursing interventions prioritized during the planning process evaluation - ANSWER-assessing the patient to evaluate his response to the nursing interventions-expected outcome has been met chronic illness - ANSWER-Develops slowly over long period of time lasts throughout life acute illness - ANSWER-Develops suddenly and resolves in short time Terminal illness - ANSWER-no cure available Primary illness - ANSWER-Develops without being caused by another health problem Secondary illness - ANSWER-Results from primary illness Transition stage of illness(ONSET) - ANSWER-May deny feeling ill, but recognizes symptoms are present Acceptance stage of illness(SICK ROLE) - ANSWER-Acknowledge illness and wants to be well Convaslescence stage(RECOVERY) - ANSWER-Recovering after illness Holistic Approach - ANSWER-Considers biologic,psychological,sociologic,spirtual needs General Adaptation Syndrom(GAS) - ANSWER-Long term exposure to stress Stages of GAS - ANSWER-Alarm stage, stage of resistance, stage of exhaustion Subjective Data - ANSWER-Data the patient tells you. Objective - ANSWER-Measurement, Medical Jargon - ANSWER-Dont use medical terms when doing patient teaching Sims position(lateral) - ANSWER-used for sigmoidoscopy examination Prone position - ANSWER-patient laying face down-Examination of lesions on the back or removal of lesions Lithotomy position - ANSWER-Feet in stirrups and legs spread further apart- used in pelvic exams Good communication requires - ANSWER-active listening, feedback,and validation of assumptions about nonverbal cues General leads - ANSWER-"Go on. "I see" Uh huh. Please continue Open-ended questions - ANSWER-"Tell me more bout that feeling", I'd like to hear more about that" Offering self - ANSWER-Im here to listen. "Can I help you in some way? Restatement - ANSWER-Patient says, "I tossed and turned last night", Nurse says, "You feel like you were up all night? Reflection - ANSWER-Patient says, Im scared about the surgery anesthesia terrifies me, Nurse says" Something scares you about anesthesia? Silence - ANSWER-Gives patient a chance to gather their thoughts and sort them out Looking at Alternatives - ANSWER-"Have you thought about..? You might want to think about..? Focusing - ANSWER-"Do you have any questions about your chemotherapy? Therapeutic Communication Techniques - ANSWER-General leads,open-ended questions, offering self,Restatement,reflection, seeking,clarification,focusing,silence,encouraging elaboration Nonverbal Messages - ANSWER-posture,gestures,tone,smiling or frowning,facial expression,eye contact Rapport - ANSWER-A relationship of mutual trust or affinity-introduce yourself Blocks to Effective communication - ANSWER-Changing the subject,giving false reassurance,judgemental response,defensive respone,asking probing questions, using cliches, giving advice,inattentive listening Changing the subject - ANSWER-Patient says, "I miss my husband, Nurse says, "its time for your bath now" Giving false reassurance - ANSWER-"I'm sure it will turn out fine." You don't need to worry Judmental response - ANSWER-"I dont think that was a good thing for you to do considering you have diabetes" defensive response - ANSWER-Patient says, "My doctor never seems to know what is going on". Nurse says, "Dr. Smith is a very good doctor, he's here evey day Asking probing questions - ANSWER-"Why were you there at that hour: '[What did you intend to prove" Using cliches - ANSWER-"Cheer up youll be home soon." "This wont hurt for long." "You have a long life ahead of you"