JMU BIO 140 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS |GRADED A
What are the steps in the scientific method? CORRECT ANSWER -exploration and
discovery
-testing ideas
-community analysis and feedback
-benefits and outcomes
Define Theory CORRECT ANSWER A well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of
the natural world, based on a body of gives that have been repeatedly confirmed
The earth's crust consists mainly of what elements? CORRECT ANSWER oxygen and
silicon
The human body consist mainly of what elements? CORRECT ANSWER oxygen,
carbon, and hydrogen
Are viruses made of cells? CORRECT ANSWER no
What is the central dogma? CORRECT ANSWER DNA -> RNA -> Protein
When simple compounds are combined into more complex molecules, the entropy
inside the cell __________. CORRECT ANSWER decreases
When energy is released as heat, what happens to the entropy? CORRECT ANSWER
the entropy increases
Humans and chimpanzees share _______% of our DNA. CORRECT ANSWER 98.8
What do nodes do? CORRECT ANSWER indicate a common ancestor
What makes a good hypothesis? CORRECT ANSWER a prediction about observations
not yet made and can be tested by experiment or further observation
What are the characteristics of life? CORRECT ANSWER -complexity
-ability to change in response to the environment
-ability to reproduce
-capacity to evolve
What two elements make up 99% of matter? CORRECT ANSWER hydrogen and
helium
What is the first law of thermodynamics? CORRECT ANSWER energy can neither be
created nor destroyed; it can only be transformed from one form to another
, What is the second law of thermodynamics? CORRECT ANSWER the degree of
disorder in the universe tends to increase
The amount of disorder in a system is the ________ of the system CORRECT
ANSWER entropy
Who completed the experiment with rotting meat? CORRECT ANSWER Francesco
Redi
What did Francesco Redi's experiment prove? CORRECT ANSWER living things only
come from other living things
What was the hypothesis which Louis Pasture tested? CORRECT ANSWER that
microorganisms can arise by spontaneous generation
What did Louis Pasture's experiment prove? CORRECT ANSWER that microbes
carried on airborne dust particles is necessary for microbial growth
Define plasma membrane CORRECT ANSWER separates the living material within the
cell from the nonliving environment around it
What is the main difference between Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes? CORRECT
ANSWER prokaryotes do not have a nucleus
What are the two sources by which organisms acquire energy? CORRECT ANSWER
sun and chemical compounds
Define metabolism CORRECT ANSWER chemical reactions by which cells convert
energy from one form to another and build and breakdown molecules
Define ATP CORRECT ANSWER stored energy in a chemical form
How does a virus spread? CORRECT ANSWER hijacks a cell
Define natural selection CORRECT ANSWER the process whereby organisms better
adapt to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring
Define environmental variation CORRECT ANSWER different environments have an
effect on the organism
Define genetic variation CORRECT ANSWER difference in genetic material that is
transmitted from parents to offspring
Define ecology CORRECT ANSWER the study of how organisms interact with one
another and with their physical environment in nature
ANSWERS |GRADED A
What are the steps in the scientific method? CORRECT ANSWER -exploration and
discovery
-testing ideas
-community analysis and feedback
-benefits and outcomes
Define Theory CORRECT ANSWER A well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of
the natural world, based on a body of gives that have been repeatedly confirmed
The earth's crust consists mainly of what elements? CORRECT ANSWER oxygen and
silicon
The human body consist mainly of what elements? CORRECT ANSWER oxygen,
carbon, and hydrogen
Are viruses made of cells? CORRECT ANSWER no
What is the central dogma? CORRECT ANSWER DNA -> RNA -> Protein
When simple compounds are combined into more complex molecules, the entropy
inside the cell __________. CORRECT ANSWER decreases
When energy is released as heat, what happens to the entropy? CORRECT ANSWER
the entropy increases
Humans and chimpanzees share _______% of our DNA. CORRECT ANSWER 98.8
What do nodes do? CORRECT ANSWER indicate a common ancestor
What makes a good hypothesis? CORRECT ANSWER a prediction about observations
not yet made and can be tested by experiment or further observation
What are the characteristics of life? CORRECT ANSWER -complexity
-ability to change in response to the environment
-ability to reproduce
-capacity to evolve
What two elements make up 99% of matter? CORRECT ANSWER hydrogen and
helium
What is the first law of thermodynamics? CORRECT ANSWER energy can neither be
created nor destroyed; it can only be transformed from one form to another
, What is the second law of thermodynamics? CORRECT ANSWER the degree of
disorder in the universe tends to increase
The amount of disorder in a system is the ________ of the system CORRECT
ANSWER entropy
Who completed the experiment with rotting meat? CORRECT ANSWER Francesco
Redi
What did Francesco Redi's experiment prove? CORRECT ANSWER living things only
come from other living things
What was the hypothesis which Louis Pasture tested? CORRECT ANSWER that
microorganisms can arise by spontaneous generation
What did Louis Pasture's experiment prove? CORRECT ANSWER that microbes
carried on airborne dust particles is necessary for microbial growth
Define plasma membrane CORRECT ANSWER separates the living material within the
cell from the nonliving environment around it
What is the main difference between Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes? CORRECT
ANSWER prokaryotes do not have a nucleus
What are the two sources by which organisms acquire energy? CORRECT ANSWER
sun and chemical compounds
Define metabolism CORRECT ANSWER chemical reactions by which cells convert
energy from one form to another and build and breakdown molecules
Define ATP CORRECT ANSWER stored energy in a chemical form
How does a virus spread? CORRECT ANSWER hijacks a cell
Define natural selection CORRECT ANSWER the process whereby organisms better
adapt to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring
Define environmental variation CORRECT ANSWER different environments have an
effect on the organism
Define genetic variation CORRECT ANSWER difference in genetic material that is
transmitted from parents to offspring
Define ecology CORRECT ANSWER the study of how organisms interact with one
another and with their physical environment in nature
