PYC3702-Abnormal-Behaviour-and-Mental-Health-Exams

May/June 2022 QUESTION 1 In class, Professor Bell defines as the view adopted by a person that regards symptoms of mental disorders as the same in all cultures and societies. 1) Ukuthwasa 2) Cultural relativism 3) Cultural-bound syndrome 4) Cultural-universality Answer: The correct answer is (4) Refer: TL501, pg. 35 Reasoning: • Cultural universality (option 4) refers to behavior being similar across cultures, and in contrast • Cultural relativity (option 2) refers to behavior being understood differently according to each culture. • Ukuthwasa (option 1) according to the traditional African perspective refers to a ‘’creative illness’’ following a calling by the ancestral spirits to become a diviner (isangoma). QUESTION 2 Which assumption about the development of mental disorders is not accurate according to the underlying principles of the Multipath Model? 1) No one theory is adequate to explain the development of mental disorders. 2) All four dimensions of the model contribute equally to the aetiology of mental disorders. 3) Psychological and biological assets can help protect individuals from the development of mental disorders. 4) The model acknowledges that aetiological factors combine in reciprocal ways in the development of mental disorders. Answer: The correct answer is (2) Refer: Sue et al., pg. 36 Reasoning: According to the Multipath Model, abnormal behaviour can very seldom be explained in full by one theoretical model. The Multipath Model proposes the consideration of combinations of interacting biological, psychological, social and sociocultural factors in explaining abnormal behaviour. QUESTION 3 Bina, normally an energetic and optimally coping mother of three young children, recently became unable to go shopping, prepare meals, or even dress her children. Bina’s current unusual behavior illustrates Sue et al’s (2016) practical definition of abnormality called . 1) disorientation 2) distress 3) dysfunction 4) deviance Answer: The correct answer is (3) Refer: Sue et al., pg. 9 Reasoning: Four major means of judging psychopathology include distress, deviance, dysfunction, and dangerousness. One way to assess dysfunction is to compare an individual’s performance with the requirements of a role he is expected to fulfil. Another way to assess dysfunction is to compare and individual’s performance with his/her potential.