ANTIBIOTICS FINAL STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

1. A 32-year-old female client has been diagnosed with a superinfection and has been prescribed tigecycline. What is a priority nursing action? A) Assess the client's blood pressure prior to administering the first dose and monitor closely for the first 12 hours B) Educate the client about the need to avoid OTC antihistamines during treatment, due to the risk for anticholinergic effects C) Educate the client about the need to supplement oral contraceptives with another form of birth control D) Assess the client carefully for recreational drug use 2. A nurse is preparing to administer a prescribed antibiotic and is aware that the medication is selectively toxic. The nurse understands that this medication: A) interferes with a biochemical reaction common to many different organisms. B) kills invading bacteria by interfering with the pathogens' ability to reproduce. C) eliminates bacteria by interrupting protein synthesis and damaging the pathogen's cell wall. D) is able to kill foreign cells without causing significant harm to the client's own body cells. 3. A client with a gram-negative infection is being treated with an aminoglycoside. What assessment should the nurse prioritize during treatment? A) Breath sounds and oxygen saturation B) Visual acuity C) Urine output and BUN and creatinine levels D) Muscle strength and coordination 4. A local bioterrorism medical team is responding to a possible anthrax attack. The team is instructed that a fluoroquinolone may be used to treat exposure to anthrax. The nurse should prepare to administer what antibiotic? A) Levofloxacin B) Gemifloxacin C) Amoxicillin D) Sparfloxacin 5. A clinic nurse is caring for a 66-lb child who has acute otitis media. The physician has ordered ceftibuten 9 mg/kg/day PO for 10 days. The drug comes in an oral suspension of 90 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? 6. An 82-year-old client, who lives alone and has occasional memory lapses, is being seen by the home health nurse. In reviewing the client's medication, the nurse discovers that the client was recently prescribed azithromycin for urethritis. What characteristic of this drug makes it an appropriate choice for this client? A) The half-life of the drug is 3 to 7 hours. B) It is taken only once a day. C) The drug usually achieves results in only a 3-day course. D) Azithromycin is associated with very few drug–drug interactions. 7. A 12-year-old client with a complicated skin infection has been admitted to the pediatric unit. The physician has ordered ertapenem. What is the nursing priority? A) Transcribe the order to the medication administration record (MAR). B) Perform hand hygiene before preparing the medication. C) Assess the client's renal and hepatic functions. D) Question the order by calling the prescriber. 8. A female client has been diagnosed with tuberculosis and has been prescribed rifampin 600 mg PO daily. What health education should the nurse prioritize? A) The need to use two forms of birth control until the completion of treatment B) The need to avoid grapefruit juice for the duration of treatment C) Limiting activity level until the adverse effects are known D) The need to increase fluid intake, even if the client feels nauseous 9. The nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who is being sent home on oral tetracycline. What instructions should the nurse include? A) Take the medication only once a day. B) Check pulse rate and hold the drug if lower than 60 beats/minute (bpm). C) Take the drug on an empty stomach. D) Take the medication with 2 ounces of water. 10. A young adult client who has no significant prior health history has been prescribed antibiotics for the first time. What nursing diagnosis would be most appropriate for this client? A) Acute pain related to gastrointestinal (GI) effects of the drug B) Deficient knowledge regarding drug therapy C) Imbalance nutrition: less than body requirements related to multiple GI effects of the drug D) Constipation related to increased fluid absorption