Big BCBA - Section 10 ETHICS 2022 Answered Solution Guide

Big BCBA - Section 10 ETHICS 2022 Answered Solution Guide/ Big BCBA - Section 10 ETHICS 2022 Answered Solution Guide 1. Ethics: Behaviors, Practices, & Decisions: that address 3 fundamental ques- tions that guide how you conduct yourself to help others improve their physical, social, psychological, familial, or personal condition 2. Why is ethics important?: To further the welfare of the client 3. What is the right thing to do?: Considerations related to Cultural Practices. What may be acceptable in one culture is not in another. Differences across Time. What may be acceptable 20 years ago is not today. 4. Things to help you guide the decision-making process: 1. Professional Training & Experience: Your training influences methods you use 2. Personal History: Your training as a behavior analyst should OVERRIDE your personal history 3. The Context of Practice: Refers to where you practice. Specific nature of job (e.g., at home, at school, etc) determines what is legal vs illegal, ethical vs unethical. 5. Legal, but Unethical: 1. Breaking a professional confidence 2. Accepting valued heirlooms in lieu of payment. 3. Engaging in consensual sex with a client over the age of 18. 6. Both Illegal & Unethical: 1. Misrepresenting promised services of skills. 2. Stealing a client's belongings 3. Abusing a client physically, emotionally, financially, socially, or sexually. 4. Engaging in consensual sexual relations w/persons under age 18. 7. What are ethical codes of behavior?: They specify what is a violation. Guidelines for deciding a course of action or conducting professional duties. Help to discriminate between legal & ethical distinctions making us more like to: a. Provide effective services. b. Maintain sensitivity toward clients. c. Not break the law of professional standards of conduct. 8. What is worth doing?: Addresses the goals & objectives of practice: a. What are we trying to accomplish? b. How are we trying to accomplish it? c. Social Validity d. Risk-Benefit Analysis 9. Social Validity: When results show meaningful, significant, & sustainable change. When the goals, procedures, & results of an intervention are socially acceptable to the client, the behavior analyst, & society. Not every skill has social validity. Ex: Teaching a child who cannot see or walk the skills of traffic safety is not socially valid. 10. 2 Ways to Assess Social Validity: a. Social Comparison: -Comparison of the performance of clients exposed to the intervention w/an equivalent or "normal" group. -Limitation: Normative data may not be really relevant for the client's functioning. b. Subjective Evaluation of Experts -Evaluation of the performance of the client from experts who are very familiar w/the client. -Limitation: Subjective evaluation of experts may not tell us about the success of an intervention 11. What does it mean to be a good behavior analyst?: Following professional codes of conduct. Keeping client's welfare in your ideas. 12. The Golden Rule: Do unto others as you would have them do unto you. 13. A Good Practitioner is Self-Regulating: Seeks ways to calibrate decisions over time to ensure that values, contingencies, & rights & responsibilities are integrated & an informed combination of these is considered. 14. 3 Reasons Why We Abide By Ethics: M: Meaningful Change H: Harm S: Standards 15. Meaningful Change (MHS): To produce MEANINGFUL behavior CHANGE of social significance to the client. Ethics increases likelihood of appropriate services being rendered to individuals. 16. Harm (MHS): To reduce/eliminate HARM (e.g., poor treatments, SIB, etc) 17. Standards (MHS): To conform to the ethical STANDARDS of learned societies & professional organizations 18. What are professional standards?: "Standards" is an umbrella word for everything. Written guidelines that provide direction for conducting the practices associated with an organization. 19. Behavior Analyst Certification Board (BACB): Certifies individual practition- ers. In 1999, the BACB started credentialing behaviorists in the US & other countries. The BACB certification is based on Florida's certification program. It ensures consumers that an individual's specialization is ABA. 20. Association for Behavior Analysts (ABA): Accredits university programs. 21. 5 Documents Describe Standards of Professional Conduct & Ethical Practice for ABA: 1. TL: Task List- The BCBA & BCaBA Behavior Analyst Task List Fourth Edition 2. C: Code- Professional & Ethical Compliance CODE for Behavior Analysts (the CODE) 3. E: Education- The right to Effective Education 4. P: Psychologists - Ethical Principles of Psychologists & Code of Conduct 5. BT: Behavioral Treatment - The right to effective Behavioral Treatment (TLCEPBT) 22. BCBA & BCaBA Behavior Analyst Fourth Edition Task List: -BACB -Effective Jan 1, 2015 -Describes knowledge, skills, & attributes expected of a behaviorist -Describe numerous tasks across 3 main sections -This is what this study manual is based on 23. Professional & Ethical Compliance Code for Behavior Analysts: -BACB -Effective Jan 1, 2016 All BACB applicants, certificates, & registrants will be required to adhere to the code -Most recent revised version: Aug 11, 2015 - The BACB has consolidated, updated, & replaced 2 of their old ethical docu- ments: a. The Professional Disciplinary & Ethical Standards b. The Guidelines for Responsible Conduct for Behavior Analysts -2 Parts to the Code: a. 10 Sections: these are relevant to professional & ethical behavior of behavior analysts b. Glossary 24. Registered Behavior Technician ( RBT ): -The Code is SUMMARIZED in the boxes below, so know it for your BCBA/BCaBA. -However, in addition to the Code being applicable to ALL BCBA/BCaBA, some parts of the Code are ONLY applicable to RBTs too. -Paraprofessional who practices under the close, ongoing supervision of a BCBA, BCaBA, or FLCBA -Main responsibility: the direct implementation of behavior-analytic services -The RBT does NOT design intervention or assessment plans. -To attain the RBT Credential, on must complete 40 hrs of training, pass the RBT Competency Assessment, pass the RBT examination, & more described on the BACB website - Those who are credentialed in some way by the BACB should present themselves ONLY as having the highest credential awarded to them 25. Responsible Conduct of Behavior Analysts: You maintain the high stan- dards of behavior of the profession: -The Code's Definition of Behavior Analyst: Behavior analyst refers to an individual who holds the BCBA or BCaBA credential, an individual authorized by the BACB to provide supervision, or a coordinator of a BACB approved course sequence. 26. Reliance on Scientific Knowledge: Your rely on professionally derived knowl- edge based on science & behavior analysis when making scientific or professional judgements in human service provision, when engaging in scholarly, or profession- al endeavors. 27. Boundaries of Competence: a. You provide services, teach, & conduct re- search only within the boundaries of your competence, defined as being commen- surate w/your education, training, & supervised experience. b. You provide services, teach, or conduct research in new areas - Only after first undertaking appropriate study, training, supervision, &/or consul- tation from persons who are competent in those areas. 28. Maintaining Competence through Professional Development: You MAIN- TAIN knowledge of current scientific & professional information in your areas of practice & undertake ongoing efforts to maintain competence in the skills you use. 29. 4 Methods of Maintaining Professional Competence (CLAC): 1. C: Ceus- Maintain your credential with continuing education units (CEUs) 2. L: Literature- Read appropriate literature 3. A: Additional Coursework- Obtain additional coursework 4. C: Conferences/ Workshops- Attend conferences/workshops 30. Integrity: a. You are truthful & honest & arrange the environment to promote truthful & honest behavior in others b. You do not implement contingencies that would cause others to engage in fraudulent, illegal, or unethical conduct c. You follow through an obligations & contractual & professional commitments w/high quality work & refrain from making professional commitments you cannot keep d. Your behavior conforms to the legal & ethical codes of the social & professional community of which you are a member. 31. Professional & Scientific Relationships (Use language easy to understand WHILE ALSO being conceptually sys- tematic): -You provide behavior-analytic services only in the context of a defined, professional, or scientific relationship or role -When you provide behavior-analytic services, you use language that is fully understandable to the recipient of those services - If differences of age, gender, race, culture, ethnicity, national origin, religion, sexual orientation, disability, language, or socioeconomic status significantly affect your work concerning particular individuals or groups -You recognize that your personal problems & conflicts may interfere with your ef- fectiveness.You refrain from providing services when your personal circumstances may compromise delivering services to the best of your abilities. 32. Multiple Relationships & Conflicts of Interest: -Due to the potentially harm- ful effects of multiple relationships, you avoid multiple relationships -You must always be sensitive to the potentially harmful effects of multiple relation- ships. If you find that, due to unforeseen factors, a multiple relationship has arisen, you: seek to resolve it 33. Extra Extra Information on Conflicts of Interest: -Then a principal party, alone or in connection with family, friends, or associates, has a vested interest in the outcome of the interaction. -The relationship is beneficial to the behavior analyst in some way -Personal relationship with crossed boundaries, such as unsolicited gifts or invita- tions to parties *General Rule: A practitioner in doubt about what is a crossed boundary should consult a supervisor or trusted & experienced confidante 34. Exploitative Relationships: -You do not exploit persons over whom you have supervisory, evaluative, or other authority such as STUDENTS, SUPERVISES, employees, research participants, & CLIENTS. -The term client refers to any recipient or beneficiary of the professional services provided by a behavior analyst. -The employer, agency representative, institutional representative, or third-party contractor for services of the behavior analyst -Third-party insurers or prayers, unless you are hired directly under contract by the third-party insurer or payer -You do not barter for services, unless a written agreement is in place for the barter that is: a. Requested by the client or supervisee b. Customary to the area where services are provided & c. Fair & commensurate with the value of behavior-analytic services provided 35. Behavior Analysts' Responsibility to Clients: You have a responsibility to operate in the best interest of your clients -The term "CLIENT" as used here is broadly applicable to whomever you provide services, whether a(n) a. Individual person (i.e. service recipient) b. Parent or guardian of a service recipient c. Organizational representative, &/or d. Public or private organization, a firm, or a corporation 36. Accepting Clients: -You accept as clients only those individuals or entities whose requested services are commensurate with your: a. Education b. Training c. Available Resources &, d. Organizational Policies - If you do not have the above-mentioned requirements, you: MUST function under the supervision of or in consultation w/a behavior analyst whose credentials permit performing such services 37. Responsibility: -Your responsibility is to all parties affected by behavior-ana- lytic services -When multiple parties are involved & could be defined as a client, you: a) Identify & communicate who the primary ultimate beneficiary of services is in any given situation & advocate for his or her best interest 38. Consultation:: When indicated & professionally appropriate, you cooperate with other professionals, in a manner that is consistent with the philosophical as- sumptions & principles of behavior analysis, in order to effectively & appropriately serve your clients 39. Third-Party Involvement in Services: 1. When you agree to provide services to a person or entity AT THE REQUEST OF A THIRD PARTY 2. If there is a foreseeable risk of you being called upon to perform conflicting roles because of a third party 3. When providing services to a minor (or individual who is a member of a protected population) at the request of a third party, you ensure: a. The parent (or client-surrogate) of the recipient of services is informed of: -the nature & scope of services to be provided & - Their right to all service record & data b. The Code's Definition of Serve Record: a client's service record includes, but is not limited to, written behavior-change plans, assessments, graphs, raw data, electronic recording, progress summaries, & written reports 4. When a third party makes requests for services that go against your recommen- dations. 40. Rights & Prerogatives of Clients: - The rights of the client are paramount & you support clients' legal rights & prerogatives. a. Rights & prerogatives of clients refers to human rights, legal rights, rights cod- ified w/in behavior analysis, & organizational & administrative rules & regulations designed to benefit the client. - Permission for electronic recording of interviews & service delivery sessions - How clients & supervisees lodge complaints about your professional practices: a. You MUST inform them of their rights & about procedures to lodge complaints with your employer, appropriate authorities, & the BACB. 41. Maintaining Confidentiality: a. You have a primary obligation & take reason- able precautions to protect the confidentiality of those with whom you work or consult, recognizing that confidentiality may be established by law, organizational rules, or professional or scientific relationships b. In order to minimize intrusions on privacy, you: - Include only germane (i.e. relevant) information to the purpose for which the communication is made -In written, oral, & electronic reports, consultations, & other avenues c. Social Media Contexts: you must NOT share (or create situations likely to result in the sharing) any identifying information (written, photographic, or video) about current clients & supervisees in social media contexts (i.e. on Facebook, twitter, etc) 42. Extra Extra information on Confidentiality: a. Confidentiality is ETHIAL, but also a LEGAL issue in some states. In California, it is both. b. When service to a client begins, the limits to confidentiality must be fully explained -Child abuse, imminent severe harm to another, or imminent severe harm to the person c. Use specific forms for reporting 43. Why do Breaches of Confidentiality Occur?: a. ACTIONS TO PROTECT CONFIDENTIALITY: requiring passwords on computers, locking files, not trans- mitting information wirelessly if it is not encrypted, & confirming the person's status as a surrogate or legal guardian before giving out information about the client. 44. Maintaining Records:: a. Maintain confidentiality when: -Creating, storing, accessing, transferring, & disposing of records under your control, whether these are written, automated, electronic, or in any other medium b. Maintain & Dispose of Records: -In accordance with laws, regulations, corporate policies, & organizational policies, & in a manner that permits compliance with the requirements of this Code 45. Disclosures: 4 Mandated or Permitted Legal Reasons why you would disclose confidential information without consent: C: Consultations P: Protect P: Payment S: Services - The parameters of consent for disclosure a. acquire at OUTSET of the relationship & b. Is an ongoing procedure throughout the professional relationship 46. Consultation (CPPS): To obtain appropriate professional CONSULTATION 47. Protect (CPPS): To PROTECT the client or others from harm 48. Payment (CPPS): To obtain PAYMENT for services, in which instance, disclo- sure is limited to the minimum that is necessary to achieve the purpose. (contacting the insurance company) 49. Services (CPPS): To provide needed professional services to the individual or organizational client 50. Treatment/Intervention Efficacy: a. Clients have a right to EFFECTIVE TREATMENT (i.e. based on the research literature & adapted to the individual client) -You always have the obligation to advocate for & educate the client about scien- tifically supported, most-effective treatment procedures b. When MORE THAN ONE SCIENTIFICALLY SUPPORTED TREATMENT has been established, consider these factors to help you select interventions for your client: -Efficiency & Cost-effectiveness -Risks & side-effects of the interventions -Client preference -Practitioner experience & training d. The behavior change program is a formal, written document that describes in technological detail every assessment & treatment task necessary to achieve stated goals 51. Documenting Professional Work & Research: -Document your professional work to: a. Facilitate provision of services later by you or by other professionals b. Ensure accountability & c. Meet other requirements of organizations or the law - You create & maintain documentation in the kind of detail & quality that would be consistent with best practices & the law 52. Records & Data: a. You create, maintain, disseminate, store retain, & dispose of records & data relating to your research, practice, & other work in accordance with applicable laws, regulations, & policies in a manner that permits compliance with this Code & in a manner that allows for appropriate transition of service oversight at any moment in time. b. You MUST retain records & data for at least 7 years 53. Extra Extra Information on Maintaining Records: According to the APA Ethical Principles of Psychologists & Code of Conduct: -Records must be kept in a secure area. -Well-maintained records facilitate the provision of future services, meet agency institutional requirements, ensure accurate billing, allow for future research, & comply with legal requirements -Record disposal should be complete According to HIPAA, electronic transmission of confidential records across any unsecured medium is prohibited 54. Contracts, Fees, & Financial Arrangements: a. BEFORE SERVICE IMPLE- MENTATION, you ensure the following is in place b. When do you reach an agreement with your client specifying compensation & billing arrangements c. Your fee practices are consistent with the law -If there may be any funding limitations that could affect or limit your services to your client d. When FUNDING CIRCUMSTANCES CHANGE, you must: revisit with your client the financial responsibilities & limits 55. Accuracy in Billing Reports: When billing for your services, you: a. accurately state the nature of the services provided b. the fees or charges c. the identity of the provider d. relevant outcomes e. other required information 56. Referrals & Fees: -If you give or take any referral, you: a. must not receive or provide money, gifts, or other enticements -Referrals should: a. Include MULTIPLE OPTIONS b. Be based on objective determination of client need & c. Be based on subsequent alignment with the repertoire of the referee - You should tell the client about your relationship to the other party if you give or take a referral 57. Interrupting or Discontinuing Services: a. You avoid interruption or disrup- tion of service, as this is in the best interests of your client &/or supervisee b. In the event of UNPLANNED INTERRUPTIONS (i.e., due to illness, impairment), you: -try to facilitating the continuation of behavior-analytic services c. If you are in an employment or contractual relationship that ends (e.g., your job is ending soon), you: -make sure there is an orderly & appropriate resolution of your responsibility for services w/paramount consideration given to the welfare of your client d. When to discontinue services w/your client: -after you have made efforts to transition your client -You discontinue a professional relationship in a timely manner when the client: 1. no longer needs the service 2. is not benefiting from the service 3. is being harmed by continued service, OR 4. When the client requests discontinuation: e. You do NOT abandon your client & supervisee -Prior to discontinuation, you: 1. Discuss service needs 2. Provide appropriate pre-termination services, 3. Suggest alternative service providers as appropriate, & 4. Take other reasonable steps to facilitate timely transfer of responsibility to another provider, upon consent 58. Assessing Behavior: If you use behavior-analytic assessment techniques, do so for appropriate purposes given current research 59. Behavior-Analytic Assessment: 1. When do you conduct assessments: -Prior to making recommendations or developing behavior-change programs 2. When you are developing a behavior-reduction program, -First conduct a functional assessment 3. How you determine the TYPE OF ASSESSMENT you will use: -Client's needs & consent -Environmental Parameters -other contextual variables -Functional Assessment refers to a category of procedures used to formally assess the possible environmental causes of problem behavior 4. In order to make decisions & recommendations for programs, you: -are obligated to collect & graphically display data using behavior-analytic tools 60. Medical Consultation: You recommend seeking a medical consultation if there is any reasonable possibility that a referred behavior is influenced by medical or biological variables 61. Behavior-Analytic-Assessment Consent: a. Prior to conducting an assess- ment, you must explain to the client: -the procedures to be used -who will participate -how the resulting information will be used b. When do you get the client's written approval of the assessment procedures -BEFORE implementing them 62. Explaining Assessment Results: How do you explain assessment results to the client: -Using language & graphic displays of data that are reasonably understandable to the person 63. Consent- Client Records (Verbal consent is ok for minor changes, to a pre-existing interventions): How you obtain or disclose client records from or to other sources for assessment purposes: -BEFORE disclosures, you must obtain the WRITTEN consent of the client (w/the exception: colleagues, third-party funding source, the law, going through the rou- tine of getting them services) 64. Behavior Analysts & the Behavior-Change Program: You are responsible for all aspects of the behavior-change program from conceptualization to imple- mentation & ultimately to discontinuation 65. Conceptual Consistency: You design behavior-change programs that are conceptually consistent with behavior-analytic principles 66. Involving Clients in Planning & Consent: You involve the client in the plan- ning of & consent for behavior-change programs 67. Individualized Behavior-Change Programs: a. You MUST TAILOR behav- ior-change programs to the unique behaviors, environmental variables, assess- ment results, & goals of each client b. You DO NOT PLAGIARIZE other professionals' behavior-change programs 68. Approving Behavior-Change Programs: Before you implement or make SIGNIFICANT modifications, (e.g., change in goals, use of new procedures), in the client's program -You must obtain the client's written approval 69. Describing Behavior-Change Program (Risk-Benefit Analysis): a. When do you describe, in Writing, the objectives of the behavior-change program to the client: -BEFORE attempting to implement the program b. You conduct a RISK-BENEFIT ANALYSIS -If possible, you conduct a RISK_BENEFIT ANALYSIS on the procedures to be implemented to reach the objective -The description of program objectives & the means by which they will be accom- plished is an ONGOING PROCESS -Code's Definition: A risk-benefit analysis is a deliberate EVALUATION of the potential risks (e.g., limitations, side effects, etc) & benefits (e.g. tx outcomes, efficiency) associated w/a given intervention -A risk-benefit analysis should CONCLUDE w/a: course of action associated w/greater benefits than risks 70. Describing Conditions for Behavior-Change Program Success: You tell the client about the environmental conditions that are necessary for the behav- ior-change program to be effective (i.e., the best way the environment should be arranged to meet the goals) 71. Environmental Conditions that Interfere w/Implementation: a. If the envi- ronmental condition PREVENT your program from being IMPLEMENTED, you: -recommend that other services (not yours) be sought b. If the environmental conditions HINDER your program from being IMPLEMENT- ED, you: -seek to eliminate the environmental constraints (i.e. try to change the environment to fix the problem that was hindering your program), OR -Identify in writing the obstacles to fixing the environment 72. Considerations Regarding Punishment Procedures: a.You recommend re- inforcement rather than punishment whenever possible b. If punishment procedures are necessary, you: -ALWAYS include reinforcement procedures for alternative behavior in the behav- ior-change program c. Before implementing punishment-based procedures, you: -ensure that appropriate steps have been taken to implement reinforcement-based procedures unless the severity or dangerousness of the behavior necessitates immediate use of aversive procedures d. When you provide more training & oversight when you use aversive procedures, you must: -give an increased level of training, supervision, & oversight -evaluate the effectiveness of aversive procedures in a timely manner -modify the behavior-change program if it is ineffective -ALWAYS include a plan to discontinue the use of aversive procedures when no longer needed 73. Least Restrictive Procedures: You review & appraise the restrictiveness of procedures &: -ALWAYS recommend the LEAST RESTRICTIVE PROCEDURES likely to be EFFECTIVE 74. Extra Extra Info on Least Restrictive Procedures/Alternatives: In order to use the least restrictive procedures, the most powerful, but least intrusive method should be used first 75. Avoiding Harmful Reinforcers: You MINIMIZE the use of items as potential reinforcers that may: -be harmful to the health & development of the client (e.g., cigarettes, etc), or -Require excessive motivating operations (MOs) to be effective 76. Discontinuing Behavior-Change Programs & Behavior-Analytic Services- : How you discontinue your program with your client: -you establish understandable & objective (i.e., measurable) criteria for the discon- tinuation of your program -you describe them to your client -when the established criteria for discontinuation are attained (i.e., when agreed-upon goals have been met), then you can discontinue services 77. Behavior Analysts as Supervisors: When you are functioning as a supervi- sor, you must take full responsibility for all facets of this undertaking 78. Supervisory Competence: You supervise ONLY within your areas of DE- FINED COMPETENCE 79. Supervisory Volume: What is your volume of supervisory activity that you can take on: -ONLY an amount that lets you be EFFECTIVE 80. Supervisory Delegation:: a. What responsibilities do you delegate to your supervisees: -ONLY those responsibilities they can reasonably be expected to perform compe- tently, ethically, & safely b. If your supervisees do NOT have the necessary skills, you: -Provide conditions for the acquisition of those skills (i.e., ensure they get the necessary training in those skills) 81. Designing Effective Supervision & Training: You ensure that supervision & trainings are behavior-analytic in content, effectively & ethically designed, & meet the requirements for licensure, certification, or other defined goals 82. Communication of Supervision COnditions: When do you provide a clear WRITTEN description of the purpose, requirements, evaluation criteria, conditions, & terms of supervision: -PRIOR to the onset of the supervision 83. Providing Feedback to Supervisees: How you provide feedback to your supervisees: -You design feedback & reinforcement systems in a way that improves supervisee performance -You provide documented, timely feedback regarding the performance of super- visees on an ONGOING BASIS 84. Evaluating the Effects of Supervision: You design systems for obtaining ongoing evaluation of your own supervision activities 85. Behavior Analysts' Ethical Responsibility to the Profession of Behavior Analysis: You have an obligation to the science of behavior & profession of behavior analysis 86. Affirming Principles (WALKING): A. above all other professional training, you uphold & advance the values, ethics, & principles of the profession of behavior analysis b.You have an obligation to participate in behavior-analytic professional & scientific organizations or activities 87. Disseminating Behavior Analysis (Do Modules): You promote behavior analysis by making information about it available to the public through presenta- tions, discussions, & other media (Be Familiar w/ the guidelines, point out when people claim to be a behavior analyst, informal first) 88. Behavior Analysts' Ethical Responsibility to Colleagues: You work with colleagues within the profession of behavior analysis & from other professions & must be aware of these ethical obligations in all situations 89. Promoting an Ethical Culture: You promote an ethical culture in your work environments & make others aware of this Code 90. Ethical Violations by Others & Risk of Harm: a. If you believe there may be a Legal or Ethical Violation, you: -FIRST determine whether there is a potential for harm, a possible legal violation, a mandatoryreporting condition, or an agency, organization, or regulatory require- ment addressing the violation b. If a client's LEGAL RIGHTS ARE BEING VIOLATED or if there is the potential for harm, you must take the necessary action to protect the client, including, but not limited to: -Contacting relevant authorities -Following organizational policies -Consulting with appropriate professionals & -Documenting your efforts to address the matter c. If an INFORMAL resolution appears appropriate & would NOT violate any confidentiality rights, you: -Attempt to resolve the issue by bringing it to the attention of that individual & -Document your efforts to address the matter d. If the matter is NOT resolved, you: -Report the matter to the appropriate authority (e.g., employer, supervisor, regula- tory authority, etc) e. If the matter meets the reporting requirements of the BACB, you: -Submit a formal complaint to the BACB 91. Avoiding False or Deceptive Statements: a. You do NOT make PUBLIC STATEMENTS that are FALSE, DECEPTIVE, MISLEADING, EXAGGERATED, or FRAUDULENT, either bc of: what you state, convey, or suggest or bc of what you omit, concerning your research, practice, or other work b. You claim as credentials for your behavior-analytic work: -ONLY degrees that are primarily or exclusively behavior-analytic in content c. You do NOT implement NON-behavior-analytic interventions: -non-behavior-analytic services may ONLY be provided w/in the context of non-be- havior-analytic education, formal training & credentialing d. You do NOT ADVERTISE non-behavior-analytic services as being behavior-an- alytic (e.g., "swimming w/dolphins is ABA") e. For billing, invoices, or requests for reimbursement & providing services under certain authorizations, you: -Do NOT identify non-behavior-analytic services as behavior-analytic services 92. Intellectual Property: a. You obtain permission to use trademarked or copy- righted materials as requested by law. This includes: -Providing citations (including trademark or copyright symbols on materials that recognizes the intellectual property of others). b. When delivering lectures, workshops, or other presentations, you: -Give appropriate credit to authors 93. Statements by Others (if your publicist said it, YOU Said it!): a. If you promote your professional practice, products, or activities publicly, it is your re- sponsibility for those statements b. You try to PREVENT others whom you do not oversee (e.g. employers, publish- ers, sponsors, organizational clients & representatives, etc) from: -making deceptive statements concerning your practices or professional or scien- tific activities c. If you learn of deceptive statements about your work made by others, you: -correct such statements d. If you put out a PAID ADVERTISEMENT relating to your activities, you: -MUST identify it as paid (unless it is apparent from the context) 94. Media Presentation & Media-Based Services: a. If you use ELECTRONIC MEDIA (e.g. video, e-learning, social media, etc), you: -obtain & maintain knowledge regarding the security & limitations of electronic media in order to adhere to this code b.You making public statements or delivering presentations using electronic media: -Do not disclose personally identifiable information concerning your clients, super- visees, students, research participants c. You delivering presentation using electronic media: - Disguise confidential information concerning participants, whenever possible, so that they are not identifiable to others & so that discussions do not cause harm to participants d. When you provide public statements, advice, or comments by means of public lectures, demonstrations, radio or television programs, electronic media, articles, mailed material, or other media, you take reasonable precautions to ensure that: 1. The statements are based on appropriate behavior-analytic literature & practice 2. The statements are otherwise consistent with this Code 3. The advice or comment does not create an agreement for service with the recipient 95. Testimonials & Advertising (OBM's Organized Behavior Management): a. You DO NOT SOLICIT OR USE TESTIMONIALS about service from current clients for publication on your webpages or in any other electronic or print material b. If you use testimonials: testimonials from former clients must identify whether they were solicited or unsolicited include an accurate statement of the relationship between you & the author of the testimonial & comply with all applicable laws about claims made in the testimonial c. You MAY ADVERTISE by: -Describing the types of evidence-basest services you provide -The qualifications of your staff -Objective outcome data you have accrued or published, in accordance with applicable laws 96. In-Person Solicitation: -You DO NOT engage (directly or through agents) in UNINVITED IN-PERSON SOLICITATION of business from actual or potential users of services who, bc of their particular circumstances, are vulnerable to undue influences -W/organizational behavior management (OBM) or performance management services, you: a. May market to corporate entities regardless of their projected financial position 97. Behavior Analysts & Research: a. You design, conduct, & report research in accordance w/recognized standards of scientific competence & ethical research: -Code's Definition: any data-based activity designed to generate generalizable knowledge for the discipline, often through professional presentations or publica- tions 98. Conforming w/Laws & Regulations: a. You plan & conduct research in a manner consistent with all applicable laws & regulations, as well as professional standards governing the conduct of research. You also comply w/other applicable laws & regulations relating to mandated-reporting requirements 99. Characteristics of Responsible Research: a. You conduct research ONLY AFTER APPROVAL BY AN INDEPENDENT FORMAL RESEARCH REVIEW BOARD: -Code's definition: a group of professionals whose stated purpose is to review research proposals to ensure the ethical treatment of human research participants. b. You CONDUCTING APPLIED RESEARCH CONJOINTLY w/provision of clinical or human services: -Must comply w/requirements for BOTH intervention & research involvement by client/participants -When research & clinical needs conflict you: prioritize the welfare of the client c. You conduct research competently & with due concern for the dignity & welfare of the participants d. You plan your research so as to MINIMIZE THE POSSIBILITY THAT RESULTS WILL BE MISLEADING e. Regarding your researchers & assistants: -They are permitted to perform only those tasks for which they are appropriately trained & prepared -You are responsible for the ethical conduct of research conducted by assistants or by others under your supervision or oversight f. If an ethical issue is unclear, you seek to resolve the issue through consultation, peer consultation, or other proper mechanisms g.You ONLY conduct research independently after you have successfully conduct- ed research under a supervisor in a defined relationship h.You who conduct research, take necessary steps to maximize benefit & minimize risk to your clients, supervisees, research participants, students, etc i. You minimize the effect of personal, financial, social, organizational, or political factors that might lead to misuse of your research j. If you learn of misuse or misrepresentation of your individual work, take steps to correct it k. Avoid conflicts of interest when conducting research l. Minimize interference w/the participants or environment in which research is conducted 100. Informed Consent: You inform participants (or their guardian or surrogate) in understandable language about: -the nature of research -They're free to participate -To decline to participate -To withdraw from the research at any time without penalty -any significant factors that may influence their willingness to participate * ANSWER any questions participants may have about the research 101. Extra Extra Information on Informed Consent: BEFORE any assessment or treatment is provided, the potential recipients of services or participants in a research study gives their explicit permission - It requires more than just getting permission, which comes after full disclosure & information is given to the client 102. Information to give to clients to ensure informed consent: - Confidential- ity & its LIMITS - Provider qualifications - Risks & benefits of treatment - Nature of procedure & ALTERNATIVES - Logistics - Anything to do w/fees (e.g. costs, insurance) - Means of communication/contact - Cancellation policies - Termination of services - Responsibilities of analyst & client 103. 3 Required Elements to Ensure Informed Consent: 1. Capacity 2. Voluntary 3. Knowledge CVK 104. Capacity (CVK): The person must show the capacity to decide. To be con- sidered capable of making an informed decision, a person must have an adequate mental process, ability to select & express his/her choice, ability to engage in a rational process. -A person is considered mentally incapacitated: if a disability effects their ability to understand the consequences their actions - Capacity to give informed consent varies with each person & proposed procedure -Capacity must be viewed with legal context, as well s behavioral one. -When a person is deemed incapacitated, he/she can get informed consent through a surrogate or a guardian 105. Voluntary (CVK): The person's decision must be voluntary, consent is volun- tary when it is given in the absence of coercion, duress, or any undue influence & when it is issued w/the understanding that it can be withdrawn at any time. 106. Knowledge (CVK): The person must have adequate knowledge of all salient aspects of the treatment. Person must be provided information in clear, nontechnical language regarding all important aspects of the tx, all potential risks & benefits of the procedure, & all potential alternative tx 107. Debriefing: When do you inform participants that debriefing will occur, at the end of the participant's involvement in the research 108. Grant & Journal Reviews: If you serve on grant review panels or you are a manuscript reviewer, you avoid conducting any research described in grant proposals or manuscripts that you reviewed 109. Plagiarism: a. You fully cite the work of others where appropriate b. You do not present portions or elements of another's work or data as your own 110. Acknowledging Contributions: a. How you acknowledge the contributions of others to research, by including them as co-authors or footnote their contribu- tions b. Publication credits: Principal authorship and minor contributions to the research or to the writing for publications. 111. Accuracy & Use of Data (Erratum-this is if you see a mistake on your data & try to fix it): a. You do not fabricate data or falsify results, and if you discover errors in published data, take the steps necessary to correct it b. You do not omit findings that might alter interpretations of your work c. You do not publish, as original data d. After research results are published, you do not withhold the data on which your conclusions are based from and you must adhere to this code & all rules and standards of the BACB 112. Truthful & Accurate Information Provided to the BACB: You only provide truthful & accurate information in applications & documentation submit to the BACB and ensure that inaccurate information submitted to the BACB is immediate corrected 113. Timely Responding, Reporting, & Updating of Information Provided to the BACB: You must comply with all BACB Deadlines including, but not limited to, ensuring that the BACB is notified within 30 days of the date of any of the following grounds for sanctioning status -If you are convicted of a felony directly related to behavior analysis practice &/or public health & safety, you shall be ineligible to apply for BACB registration for a period of 4 years from the exhaustion of appeals 114. Confidentiality & BACB Intellectual Property: You do not infringe on the BACB's intellectual property rights, including, but not limited to the BACB's rights to the following